Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Full-Scale Granular Activated Carbon and Chloramine Pretreatment of Drinking Water for Aquifer Storage and Recovery
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7611
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-2431
Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) programs play a pivotal role in addressing water quantity challenges, particularly in regions prone to drought and declining groundwater levels. While water managers focus on aquifer replenishment, the continued formation of disinfection byproducts during storage can compromise water quality by increasing the concentration of these compounds beyond their regulated maximum contaminant levels. There is scarce information about reducing DBP formation in drinking water utilities that are actively operating ASR systems. This study explores the influence of two injection water pretreatment methods; granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and chloramination through injection of liquid ammonium sulfate (LAS) into chlorinated potable water. Both systems were constructed as part of a full-scale ASR program. We demonstrated that none of the regulated haloacetic acids (HAA5) were present at levels of concern for injected or extracted water. Instead, the primary DBP of interest was chloroform, and its continued formation was observed within the aquifer, as water was stored underground. Pretreatment reduced trihalomethane (THM4) formation in the aquifer by 91 and 86% for GAC and LAS, respectively, compared against their controls. Cost information is also presented for these two options, and while both GAC and chloramination pretreatment were effective in mitigating DBP formation, the latter does so at a slightly lower net present cost.
Pretreatment using granular activated carbon or chloramination is effective at reducing disinfection byproduct formation in aquifer storage and recovery systems.
Full-Scale Granular Activated Carbon and Chloramine Pretreatment of Drinking Water for Aquifer Storage and Recovery
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7611
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-2431
Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) programs play a pivotal role in addressing water quantity challenges, particularly in regions prone to drought and declining groundwater levels. While water managers focus on aquifer replenishment, the continued formation of disinfection byproducts during storage can compromise water quality by increasing the concentration of these compounds beyond their regulated maximum contaminant levels. There is scarce information about reducing DBP formation in drinking water utilities that are actively operating ASR systems. This study explores the influence of two injection water pretreatment methods; granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and chloramination through injection of liquid ammonium sulfate (LAS) into chlorinated potable water. Both systems were constructed as part of a full-scale ASR program. We demonstrated that none of the regulated haloacetic acids (HAA5) were present at levels of concern for injected or extracted water. Instead, the primary DBP of interest was chloroform, and its continued formation was observed within the aquifer, as water was stored underground. Pretreatment reduced trihalomethane (THM4) formation in the aquifer by 91 and 86% for GAC and LAS, respectively, compared against their controls. Cost information is also presented for these two options, and while both GAC and chloramination pretreatment were effective in mitigating DBP formation, the latter does so at a slightly lower net present cost.
Pretreatment using granular activated carbon or chloramination is effective at reducing disinfection byproduct formation in aquifer storage and recovery systems.
Full-Scale Granular Activated Carbon and Chloramine Pretreatment of Drinking Water for Aquifer Storage and Recovery
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-7611
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3207-2431
Aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) programs play a pivotal role in addressing water quantity challenges, particularly in regions prone to drought and declining groundwater levels. While water managers focus on aquifer replenishment, the continued formation of disinfection byproducts during storage can compromise water quality by increasing the concentration of these compounds beyond their regulated maximum contaminant levels. There is scarce information about reducing DBP formation in drinking water utilities that are actively operating ASR systems. This study explores the influence of two injection water pretreatment methods; granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption and chloramination through injection of liquid ammonium sulfate (LAS) into chlorinated potable water. Both systems were constructed as part of a full-scale ASR program. We demonstrated that none of the regulated haloacetic acids (HAA5) were present at levels of concern for injected or extracted water. Instead, the primary DBP of interest was chloroform, and its continued formation was observed within the aquifer, as water was stored underground. Pretreatment reduced trihalomethane (THM4) formation in the aquifer by 91 and 86% for GAC and LAS, respectively, compared against their controls. Cost information is also presented for these two options, and while both GAC and chloramination pretreatment were effective in mitigating DBP formation, the latter does so at a slightly lower net present cost.
Pretreatment using granular activated carbon or chloramination is effective at reducing disinfection byproduct formation in aquifer storage and recovery systems.
Full-Scale Granular Activated Carbon and Chloramine Pretreatment of Drinking Water for Aquifer Storage and Recovery
Lacroix, Angel (Autor:in) / Goli, Tayebeh (Autor:in) / Hanigan, David (Autor:in) / Pagilla, Krishna (Autor:in)
ACS ES&T Water ; 4 ; 2159-2169
10.05.2024
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Drinking Water Pretreatment Facilities and Aquifer Restoration Project
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1996
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1998