Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Design and Construction of Earthen Reservoirs in Florida (1967-2007)
The Florida Phosphate Industry has been constructing earthen reservoirs for water storage and clay settling/disposal for more than 70 years. During the first 35 years of operation, the perimeter dams for the clay settling areas were simply overburden spoil (primarily silty sand) cast up in windrows and shaped to provide a crest road. The spoil windrow was excavated down to natural ground at one of two locations to install an outlet pipe for the decant structure(s). Little or no engineering was performed. Between 1936 and 1969, there were 32 reservoir failures. The first rule regulating the design and construction of earthen dams used in phosphate mining and processing operations was adopted by the state of Florida in 1969 after a reservoir failure near Brandon, Florida turned the Alafia River a brownish-white 3.2 kilometers into the Gulf of Mexico. The rule was subsequently modified in 1972 after a reservoir failure occurred near Fort Meade and again in 1999 after a reservoir failure occurred near Hopewell. All of the reservoirs constructed after 1969 were engineered. The authors' firm has investigated, designed, monitored construction, and inspected more than 120 earthen reservoirs constructed in Florida after 1967. The paper describes the advances that have been made during the past 40 years in the investigation, analysis, design, construction and inspection of the embankment dams surrounding these reservoirs. The lessons learned in the phosphate industry have and should be applied to other earthen reservoirs constructed in Florida and elsewhere.
Design and Construction of Earthen Reservoirs in Florida (1967-2007)
The Florida Phosphate Industry has been constructing earthen reservoirs for water storage and clay settling/disposal for more than 70 years. During the first 35 years of operation, the perimeter dams for the clay settling areas were simply overburden spoil (primarily silty sand) cast up in windrows and shaped to provide a crest road. The spoil windrow was excavated down to natural ground at one of two locations to install an outlet pipe for the decant structure(s). Little or no engineering was performed. Between 1936 and 1969, there were 32 reservoir failures. The first rule regulating the design and construction of earthen dams used in phosphate mining and processing operations was adopted by the state of Florida in 1969 after a reservoir failure near Brandon, Florida turned the Alafia River a brownish-white 3.2 kilometers into the Gulf of Mexico. The rule was subsequently modified in 1972 after a reservoir failure occurred near Fort Meade and again in 1999 after a reservoir failure occurred near Hopewell. All of the reservoirs constructed after 1969 were engineered. The authors' firm has investigated, designed, monitored construction, and inspected more than 120 earthen reservoirs constructed in Florida after 1967. The paper describes the advances that have been made during the past 40 years in the investigation, analysis, design, construction and inspection of the embankment dams surrounding these reservoirs. The lessons learned in the phosphate industry have and should be applied to other earthen reservoirs constructed in Florida and elsewhere.
Design and Construction of Earthen Reservoirs in Florida (1967-2007)
Garlanger, John E. (Autor:in) / Leto, Thomas J. (Autor:in)
Symposium Honoring Dr. John H. Schmertmann for His Contributions to Civil Engineering at Research to Practice in Geotechnical Engineering Congress 2008 ; 2008 ; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
07.03.2008
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Design and Construction of Earthen Reservoirs in Florida (1967-2007)
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