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Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide in the Gas- and Liquid-Phase over Cu-based Catalysts
The energy transition is one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. Due to depleting fossil feedstocks and and the environmental changes that go along with their usage, there is a huge need for renewable energy resources. Yet they are known to be volatile. The development of an efficient energy storage therefore is a coupled task to accomplish the transition. Saving energy in chemical bonds gained growing attention within the last years. A potential molecule for the large-scale application is methanol. Already today, millions of tons are produced annually. However, fossil-based synthesis gas is commonly used in most production plants. In addition, a high process temperature and low per-pass conversion makes the synthesis energy-demanding. Yet to use methanol in an ecologically benign and circular way, it needs to be produced from CO2 and green hydrogen only. Therefore, CO2 is used as the sole carbon source for experiments conducted in the scope of this thesis. Two process parameters are picked in this work and looked at in detail in order to improve the methanol synthesis and adapt it to the use of sole CO2. The first one is the choice of catalyst. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) based on Cu were selected as a precursor phase and the performance of resulting catalysts in the CO2 hydrogenation is rated regarding conversion and selectivity in comparison to catalysts based on a malachite precursor. Although this phase is rarely found in the conventional catalyst, it offers the advantage of a flexible metal composition and is easily obtainable by co-precipitation. The composition is varied both in terms of the Cu content and the use of the promoters Zn, Al and Ga. Routine measurements such as X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, optical emission spectrometry and nitrogen physisorption are used to analyze the synthesized materials. Next to that, more advanced characterization methods are applied for an in-depth study of the activated catalysts. By a series of N2O and H2 chemisorption steps, the ...
Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide in the Gas- and Liquid-Phase over Cu-based Catalysts
The energy transition is one of the most pressing challenges of the 21st century. Due to depleting fossil feedstocks and and the environmental changes that go along with their usage, there is a huge need for renewable energy resources. Yet they are known to be volatile. The development of an efficient energy storage therefore is a coupled task to accomplish the transition. Saving energy in chemical bonds gained growing attention within the last years. A potential molecule for the large-scale application is methanol. Already today, millions of tons are produced annually. However, fossil-based synthesis gas is commonly used in most production plants. In addition, a high process temperature and low per-pass conversion makes the synthesis energy-demanding. Yet to use methanol in an ecologically benign and circular way, it needs to be produced from CO2 and green hydrogen only. Therefore, CO2 is used as the sole carbon source for experiments conducted in the scope of this thesis. Two process parameters are picked in this work and looked at in detail in order to improve the methanol synthesis and adapt it to the use of sole CO2. The first one is the choice of catalyst. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) based on Cu were selected as a precursor phase and the performance of resulting catalysts in the CO2 hydrogenation is rated regarding conversion and selectivity in comparison to catalysts based on a malachite precursor. Although this phase is rarely found in the conventional catalyst, it offers the advantage of a flexible metal composition and is easily obtainable by co-precipitation. The composition is varied both in terms of the Cu content and the use of the promoters Zn, Al and Ga. Routine measurements such as X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, optical emission spectrometry and nitrogen physisorption are used to analyze the synthesized materials. Next to that, more advanced characterization methods are applied for an in-depth study of the activated catalysts. By a series of N2O and H2 chemisorption steps, the ...
Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide in the Gas- and Liquid-Phase over Cu-based Catalysts
Gieser, Jil-Lorean (Autor:in) / Behrens, Malte
09.01.2024
Hochschulschrift
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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