Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Fires in Narrow Construction Cavities : Fire Dynamics and Material Fire Performance
There have recently been devastating fire incidents related to fire spread over ventilated façades. These incidents indicate gaps in our understanding of the fire behaviour of façades. This thesis takes a bottom-up approach to investigating fire behaviour in materials and elements associated with narrow cavities in modern constructions. Ventilated façade is a construction used as an example in this thesis, in which an air gap is introduced between the thermal insulation and the external cladding.Experimental and numerical studies were conducted of flame heights and heat fluxes to the surfaces inside cavities. An experimental programme comprising more than 75 individual tests was done with cavity widths between 2 cm and 10 cm, as well as four different heat release rates from the burner. The study showed increasing flame heights and heat flux as the cavity width is reduced. In this experimental study, the flame height increased up to 2.2 times compared to those near one wall. FDS version 6.7.0 software was then used to assess its capability to replicate the experimental results. One of the identified limitations of FDS was the required small mesh cell size. Furthermore, the thermal response of stone wool and expanded polystyrene when exposed to fire conditions was studied. Four types of stone wool with densities of 37 to 154 kg/m3 were investigated experimentally and numerically. Thermogravimetric analysis and micro combustion calorimetry were used to characterize the thermal decomposition of the stone wool’s organic content. A numerical heat conduction model was developed and showed capability of reproducing the temperatures inside stone wool with relatively low density. Suggestions are provided for improving the model’s performance for high density wools.
Fires in Narrow Construction Cavities : Fire Dynamics and Material Fire Performance
There have recently been devastating fire incidents related to fire spread over ventilated façades. These incidents indicate gaps in our understanding of the fire behaviour of façades. This thesis takes a bottom-up approach to investigating fire behaviour in materials and elements associated with narrow cavities in modern constructions. Ventilated façade is a construction used as an example in this thesis, in which an air gap is introduced between the thermal insulation and the external cladding.Experimental and numerical studies were conducted of flame heights and heat fluxes to the surfaces inside cavities. An experimental programme comprising more than 75 individual tests was done with cavity widths between 2 cm and 10 cm, as well as four different heat release rates from the burner. The study showed increasing flame heights and heat flux as the cavity width is reduced. In this experimental study, the flame height increased up to 2.2 times compared to those near one wall. FDS version 6.7.0 software was then used to assess its capability to replicate the experimental results. One of the identified limitations of FDS was the required small mesh cell size. Furthermore, the thermal response of stone wool and expanded polystyrene when exposed to fire conditions was studied. Four types of stone wool with densities of 37 to 154 kg/m3 were investigated experimentally and numerically. Thermogravimetric analysis and micro combustion calorimetry were used to characterize the thermal decomposition of the stone wool’s organic content. A numerical heat conduction model was developed and showed capability of reproducing the temperatures inside stone wool with relatively low density. Suggestions are provided for improving the model’s performance for high density wools.
Fires in Narrow Construction Cavities : Fire Dynamics and Material Fire Performance
Livkiss, Karlis (Autor:in)
28.02.2020
Hochschulschrift
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
DDC:
624
Engineering Index Backfile | 1933
FIRE FOCUS "Fires in Buildings with Balloon Construction"
British Library Online Contents | 2003
| Engineering Index Backfile | 1912
FIRE FOCUS Multiple-Dwelling Fires
British Library Online Contents | 2003