Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Urban Design and Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Warm Climates. Studies in Fez and Colombo
In many developing tropical countries, rapid urban growth leads to several problems, including increased thermal stress. This has negative consequences for people's health and well-being, and affects social and commercial outdoor activities negatively. Consequently, the creation of thermally comfortable microclimates in urban environments is highly important. The main aim of this thesis is to deepen our knowledge regarding the relationship between urban design, microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort through studies conducted in the hot dry climate of Fez, Morocco, and the hot humid climate of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Both cities have highly uncomfortable climates and are experiencing problems of rapid population growth, leading to considerable horizontal expansion of urban development, characterised by inefficient land-use. The research methodology in this study included a combination of microclimate measurements, numerical microclimate simulations and studies of the urban planning process. Field measurements were conducted in areas with significantly differing characteristics, including variations in urban geometry and distance to the sea, to map variations in microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort within each city. To cover a wider range of urban design, to test the impact of different design parameters on outdoor thermal comfort and to achieve optimum design solutions, microclimate simulations using the ENVI-met software were conducted. The urban codes were analysed to determine whether they favour or hinder climate-conscious urban design, while the interviews with urban planners and designers aimed at investigating the extent to which climate aspects are included in urban design. Microclimate conditions and thermal comfort at street level were found to vary considerably within both Fez and Colombo. Apart from its old city, Fez is a dispersed city dominated by street canyons with low height-to-width ratios. This study shows that new urban areas would need to be far more compact than today's to improve the ...
Urban Design and Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Warm Climates. Studies in Fez and Colombo
In many developing tropical countries, rapid urban growth leads to several problems, including increased thermal stress. This has negative consequences for people's health and well-being, and affects social and commercial outdoor activities negatively. Consequently, the creation of thermally comfortable microclimates in urban environments is highly important. The main aim of this thesis is to deepen our knowledge regarding the relationship between urban design, microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort through studies conducted in the hot dry climate of Fez, Morocco, and the hot humid climate of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Both cities have highly uncomfortable climates and are experiencing problems of rapid population growth, leading to considerable horizontal expansion of urban development, characterised by inefficient land-use. The research methodology in this study included a combination of microclimate measurements, numerical microclimate simulations and studies of the urban planning process. Field measurements were conducted in areas with significantly differing characteristics, including variations in urban geometry and distance to the sea, to map variations in microclimate and outdoor thermal comfort within each city. To cover a wider range of urban design, to test the impact of different design parameters on outdoor thermal comfort and to achieve optimum design solutions, microclimate simulations using the ENVI-met software were conducted. The urban codes were analysed to determine whether they favour or hinder climate-conscious urban design, while the interviews with urban planners and designers aimed at investigating the extent to which climate aspects are included in urban design. Microclimate conditions and thermal comfort at street level were found to vary considerably within both Fez and Colombo. Apart from its old city, Fez is a dispersed city dominated by street canyons with low height-to-width ratios. This study shows that new urban areas would need to be far more compact than today's to improve the ...
Urban Design and Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Warm Climates. Studies in Fez and Colombo
Johansson, Erik (Autor:in)
01.01.2006
Hochschulschrift
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Arid zones , Urban design , Stads- och glesbygdsplanering , climatology , Land-use , Planning regulations , Colombo , Physical planning , Sri Lanka , Climate , Fez , Urban planning , Humid tropics , pedology , Physical geography , Tropical areas , Morocco , Microclimates , Town and country planning , Fysisk planering , geomorphology , marklära , Urban climate , geomorfologi , cartography , Thermal comfort , Fysisk geografi , Developing countries , Architecture , kartografi , Climatic design , klimatologi , Built environment
Urban Vegetation and Microclimatic Comfort in Warm Climates
| Springer Verlag | 2021
Impacts of Selected Urban Tree Species on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in the City of Colombo
| Springer Verlag | 2023
Outdoor Comfort in Cold Climates : Integrating Microclimate Factors in Urban Design
| BASE | 2015