Nitrogen Deposition and Responses of Forest Structure to Nitrogen Deposition in a Cool-Temperate Deciduous Forest: Fid-Bau Portal

Nitrogen Deposition and Responses of Forest Structure to Nitrogen Deposition in a Cool-Temperate Deciduous Forest

Ruoming Cao / Siyu Chen / Shinpei Yoshitake / Toshiyuki Ohtsuka

Few studies have reported the estimation of nitrogen (N) deposition, including dissolved organic N (DON) fluxes, through water flows and the contribution of snowfall in Asia. In this study, the concentrations and fluxes of DON and dissolved inorganic N (DIN) in bulk precipitation (BP), the throughfall (TF) of trees and understory dwarf bamboo, and stemflow (SF) were evaluated in a cool-temperate forest over three years to clarify N fluxes via precipitation and responses of trees and understory canopies to N deposition. The input of N to the study site in BP was 11.1 ± 1.71 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, with a significant contribution from DON (78%). Snowfall fluxes contributed up to 46% of the total N input, with variations related to the amount of snowfall (2.08−5.52 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹). The forest canopy enriched DON (2.11 ± 0.42 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) but consumed NO₃ + NO₂−N (−0.73 ± 0.19 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹). In contrast, through the understory bamboo canopy, DON (−1.02 ± 0.55 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) decreased while DIN (0.35 ± 0.44 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) increased. This study indicates that DON and snowfall should not be neglected when evaluating total N deposition into forest ecosystems, especially in remote regions. The canopy processes related to the dissolved N in the presence of understory plants might have significant implications for the internal N cycle in forest ecosystems.