Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Release of PCDD/PCDF to air and land during open burning of sugarcane and forest litter over soil fortified with mass labelled PCDD/PCDF
Abstract The contribution of PCDD/PCDF emissions from soil during open burning of biomass was examined. Mass labelled PCDD/PCDF was added to soil containing native PCDD/PCDF and biomass was laid out on this soil and burnt, simulating sugarcane trash and forest fires. Smoke samples were collected using a high volume portable field sampler. After each fire the concentration of all mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners in the surface soil decreased, however, the concentration of some native 2,3,7,8 substituted congeners increased, indicating that formation was occurring. Mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners were detected in all ash samples, mean 2.8 pg g−1 (range 0.5–8 pg g−1), demonstrating release from the soil. Additionally, mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners were detected in all air samples mean 1.2 μg (t fuel)−1 (range 0.2–2.0 μg (t fuel)−1), again demonstrating release from the soil. Native 2,3,7,8 substituted congeners detected in the air samples were dominated (in terms of contribution to total congener mass) by Cl8DD (90% for forest litter and 77% for sugarcane). The major contributor to TEQ of emissions from both forest litter and sugarcane was 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-Cl5DD (40–64% and 57–75%, respectively). These results demonstrate that release of PCDD/PCDF from soil to air and land occurs during open burning of biomass when soil temperatures are sufficiently elevated.
Highlights ► We measured release of native and mass labelled PCDD/PCDF from soil heated by fire. ► We found the mass labelled PCDD/PCDF in both ash and smoke samples. ► We found more natives were released than expected based on release of mass labelled. ► We found soil concentrations of some PCDD/PCDF congeners increased on soil heating.
Release of PCDD/PCDF to air and land during open burning of sugarcane and forest litter over soil fortified with mass labelled PCDD/PCDF
Abstract The contribution of PCDD/PCDF emissions from soil during open burning of biomass was examined. Mass labelled PCDD/PCDF was added to soil containing native PCDD/PCDF and biomass was laid out on this soil and burnt, simulating sugarcane trash and forest fires. Smoke samples were collected using a high volume portable field sampler. After each fire the concentration of all mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners in the surface soil decreased, however, the concentration of some native 2,3,7,8 substituted congeners increased, indicating that formation was occurring. Mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners were detected in all ash samples, mean 2.8 pg g−1 (range 0.5–8 pg g−1), demonstrating release from the soil. Additionally, mass labelled PCDD/PCDF congeners were detected in all air samples mean 1.2 μg (t fuel)−1 (range 0.2–2.0 μg (t fuel)−1), again demonstrating release from the soil. Native 2,3,7,8 substituted congeners detected in the air samples were dominated (in terms of contribution to total congener mass) by Cl8DD (90% for forest litter and 77% for sugarcane). The major contributor to TEQ of emissions from both forest litter and sugarcane was 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-Cl5DD (40–64% and 57–75%, respectively). These results demonstrate that release of PCDD/PCDF from soil to air and land occurs during open burning of biomass when soil temperatures are sufficiently elevated.
Highlights ► We measured release of native and mass labelled PCDD/PCDF from soil heated by fire. ► We found the mass labelled PCDD/PCDF in both ash and smoke samples. ► We found more natives were released than expected based on release of mass labelled. ► We found soil concentrations of some PCDD/PCDF congeners increased on soil heating.
Release of PCDD/PCDF to air and land during open burning of sugarcane and forest litter over soil fortified with mass labelled PCDD/PCDF
Black, Robert R. (Autor:in) / Yates, Alan (Autor:in) / Van Zwieten, Lukas (Autor:in) / Chittim, Brock G. (Autor:in) / Mueller, Jochen F. (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 59 ; 125-130
08.06.2012
6 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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