Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Airborne particle concentrations at schools measured at different spatial scales
Abstract Potential adverse effects on children health may result from school exposure to airborne particles. To address this issue, measurements in terms of particle number concentration, particle size distribution and black carbon (BC) concentrations were performed in three school buildings in Cassino (Italy) and its suburbs, outside and inside of the classrooms during normal occupancy and use. Additional time resolved information was gathered on ventilation condition, classroom activity, and traffic count data around the schools were obtained using a video camera. Across the three investigated school buildings, the outdoor and indoor particle number concentration monitored down to 4 nm and up to 3 μm ranged from 2.8 × 104 part cm−3 to 4.7 × 104 part cm−3 and from 2.0 × 104 part cm−3 to 3.5 × 104 part cm−3, respectively. The total particle concentrations were usually higher outdoors than indoors, because no indoor sources were detected. I/O measured was less than 1 (varying in a relatively narrow range from 0.63 to 0.74), however one school exhibited indoor concentrations higher than outdoor during the morning rush hours. Particle size distribution at the outdoor site showed high particle concentrations in different size ranges, varying during the day; in relation to the starting and finishing of school time two modes were found. BC concentrations were 5 times higher at the urban school compared with the suburban and suburban-to-urban differences were larger than the relative differences of ultrafine particle concentrations.
Highlights ► Airborne particle and black carbon concentrations were measured at three schools. ► Spatial and temporal variations of particles at three different scales were analyzed. ► Concentrations at urban schools scale are higher than background ones due to traffic. ► Building lowers the particle concentration experienced by children in the schools. ► A 30% indoor spatial variation in concentration at schools facing a trafficked street.
Airborne particle concentrations at schools measured at different spatial scales
Abstract Potential adverse effects on children health may result from school exposure to airborne particles. To address this issue, measurements in terms of particle number concentration, particle size distribution and black carbon (BC) concentrations were performed in three school buildings in Cassino (Italy) and its suburbs, outside and inside of the classrooms during normal occupancy and use. Additional time resolved information was gathered on ventilation condition, classroom activity, and traffic count data around the schools were obtained using a video camera. Across the three investigated school buildings, the outdoor and indoor particle number concentration monitored down to 4 nm and up to 3 μm ranged from 2.8 × 104 part cm−3 to 4.7 × 104 part cm−3 and from 2.0 × 104 part cm−3 to 3.5 × 104 part cm−3, respectively. The total particle concentrations were usually higher outdoors than indoors, because no indoor sources were detected. I/O measured was less than 1 (varying in a relatively narrow range from 0.63 to 0.74), however one school exhibited indoor concentrations higher than outdoor during the morning rush hours. Particle size distribution at the outdoor site showed high particle concentrations in different size ranges, varying during the day; in relation to the starting and finishing of school time two modes were found. BC concentrations were 5 times higher at the urban school compared with the suburban and suburban-to-urban differences were larger than the relative differences of ultrafine particle concentrations.
Highlights ► Airborne particle and black carbon concentrations were measured at three schools. ► Spatial and temporal variations of particles at three different scales were analyzed. ► Concentrations at urban schools scale are higher than background ones due to traffic. ► Building lowers the particle concentration experienced by children in the schools. ► A 30% indoor spatial variation in concentration at schools facing a trafficked street.
Airborne particle concentrations at schools measured at different spatial scales
Buonanno, G. (Autor:in) / Fuoco, F.C. (Autor:in) / Morawska, L. (Autor:in) / Stabile, L. (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 67 ; 38-45
08.10.2012
8 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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