Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Anticrack model for skier triggering of slab avalanches
Abstract Skiers caught in a slab avalanche often trigger the avalanche themselves. Preventing those accidents necessitates a better understanding of the factors contributing to the failure of the snowpack under the action of a skier. In the present work, a mathematical model based on the principles of mixed-mode anticracking is proposed for skier triggering. The respective influences of the slope-normal and slope-parallel components of the load exerted by a skier on the prospective fracture plane are taken into account. A criterion for fracture propagation under typical skier loads is derived. It manifests a small number of factors that, combined, multiply the risk of triggering an avalanche. The criterion indicates, contrary to a common perception, that fracture is not more difficult to trigger in gentle slopes than in steep slopes. This major result of the model is confirmed by data obtained from field experiments.
Anticrack model for skier triggering of slab avalanches
Abstract Skiers caught in a slab avalanche often trigger the avalanche themselves. Preventing those accidents necessitates a better understanding of the factors contributing to the failure of the snowpack under the action of a skier. In the present work, a mathematical model based on the principles of mixed-mode anticracking is proposed for skier triggering. The respective influences of the slope-normal and slope-parallel components of the load exerted by a skier on the prospective fracture plane are taken into account. A criterion for fracture propagation under typical skier loads is derived. It manifests a small number of factors that, combined, multiply the risk of triggering an avalanche. The criterion indicates, contrary to a common perception, that fracture is not more difficult to trigger in gentle slopes than in steep slopes. This major result of the model is confirmed by data obtained from field experiments.
Anticrack model for skier triggering of slab avalanches
Heierli, J. (Autor:in) / Birkeland, K.W. (Autor:in) / Simenhois, R. (Autor:in) / Gumbsch, P. (Autor:in)
Cold Regions, Science and Technology ; 65 ; 372-381
14.10.2010
10 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Anticrack model for skier triggering of slab avalanches
| Online Contents | 2011
Snow cover properties for skier triggering of avalanches
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2001
Snow cover properties for skier triggering of avalanches
| Online Contents | 2001
Snowpack observations and fracture concepts for skier-triggering of dry-snow slab avalanches
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2008