Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Comparison between granular pillared, organo- and inorgano–organo-bentonites for hydrocarbon and metal ion adsorption
Abstract Granular reactive materials have higher permeability and are therefore desirable for in situ groundwater pollution control. Three granular bentonites were prepared: an Al-pillared bentonite (PBg), an organo-bentonite (OBg) using a quaternary ammonium cation (QAC), and an inorgano–organo-bentonite (IOBg), using both the pillaring agent and the QAC. Powdered IOB (IOBp) was also prepared to test the effect of particle size. The modified bentonites were characterised with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and uniaxial compression tests. The d-spacing increased only with QAC intercalation. The Young's modulus of IOBg was twice as high as OBg. Batch adsorption tests were performed with aqueous multimetal solutions of Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ ions, with liquid dodecane and with aqueous dodecane solutions. Metal adsorption fit the Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption occurred within 30min for PBg, while the granular organo-bentonite needed at least 12h to reach equilibrium. IOBp had the maximum adsorption capacity at higher metal concentration and lower adsorbent content (Cu2+: 2.2, Ni2+: 1.7, Zn2+: 1.4, Cd2+: 0.9 and Pb2+: 0.7 all in mmolg−1). The dual pillaring of the QAC and Al hydroxide increased the adsorption. The adsorption of liquid dodecane was in the order IOBg>OBg>PBg (3.2>2.7>1.7mmolg−1). Therefore IOBg has potential for the removal of toxic compounds found in soil, groundwater, storm water and wastewater.
Highlights ► Pillared, organo-, inorgano–organo-bentonite comparative characterisation ► Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni adsorption isotherms, capacity and reaction rate kinetics ► Dodecane solution adsorption isotherm and adsorption capacity ► Inorgano–organo bentonite enhanced cations and dodecane adsorption
Comparison between granular pillared, organo- and inorgano–organo-bentonites for hydrocarbon and metal ion adsorption
Abstract Granular reactive materials have higher permeability and are therefore desirable for in situ groundwater pollution control. Three granular bentonites were prepared: an Al-pillared bentonite (PBg), an organo-bentonite (OBg) using a quaternary ammonium cation (QAC), and an inorgano–organo-bentonite (IOBg), using both the pillaring agent and the QAC. Powdered IOB (IOBp) was also prepared to test the effect of particle size. The modified bentonites were characterised with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and uniaxial compression tests. The d-spacing increased only with QAC intercalation. The Young's modulus of IOBg was twice as high as OBg. Batch adsorption tests were performed with aqueous multimetal solutions of Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ ions, with liquid dodecane and with aqueous dodecane solutions. Metal adsorption fit the Langmuir isotherm. Adsorption occurred within 30min for PBg, while the granular organo-bentonite needed at least 12h to reach equilibrium. IOBp had the maximum adsorption capacity at higher metal concentration and lower adsorbent content (Cu2+: 2.2, Ni2+: 1.7, Zn2+: 1.4, Cd2+: 0.9 and Pb2+: 0.7 all in mmolg−1). The dual pillaring of the QAC and Al hydroxide increased the adsorption. The adsorption of liquid dodecane was in the order IOBg>OBg>PBg (3.2>2.7>1.7mmolg−1). Therefore IOBg has potential for the removal of toxic compounds found in soil, groundwater, storm water and wastewater.
Highlights ► Pillared, organo-, inorgano–organo-bentonite comparative characterisation ► Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn and Ni adsorption isotherms, capacity and reaction rate kinetics ► Dodecane solution adsorption isotherm and adsorption capacity ► Inorgano–organo bentonite enhanced cations and dodecane adsorption
Comparison between granular pillared, organo- and inorgano–organo-bentonites for hydrocarbon and metal ion adsorption
Ouellet-Plamondon, Claudiane (Autor:in) / Lynch, Rod J. (Autor:in) / Al-Tabbaa, Abir (Autor:in)
Applied Clay Science ; 67-68 ; 91-98
04.08.2012
8 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
B , bentonite , FT-IR , Fourier transform infrared spectrometry , I , Ionic strength , IOBg , inorgano–organo-bentonite granules , IOBp , powdered inorgano–organo-bentonite , PBg , pillared bentonite granules , OBg , organo-bentonite granules , QAC , quaternary ammonium cation , TGA , thermal gravimetric analysis , XRD , X-ray diffraction , Pillared bentonite , Organo-bentonite , Inorgano–organo-bentonite , Hydrocarbons , Metal ions , Adsorption
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