Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Ratio between throughfall and open-field bulk precipitation used for quality control in deposition monitoring
AbstractIn the Swedish regional throughfall monitoring network, set up to assess the atmospheric input of acidifying compounds to forests, throughfall collections are combined with open-field bulk precipitation collections throughout the nation. Bulk precipitation chemistry is routinely compared with throughfall chemistry to estimate deposition to the forest floor. The amount ratio between throughfall and bulk precipitation can give valuable information about the quality of the collected samples. In this study, the information provided by the ratios between throughfall and open field and amounts, supported by ion concentrations of chloride and sulphur is discussed for deciduous and coniferous forests while using summer or winter collectors. Distribution of common vs. uncommon ratios for amounts shows regional patterns on a temporal scale. On a local scale, ratios are primarily dependent on tree species and shape, forest stand structure, and meteorological events, in that order. Amount ratios in Sweden are strongly influenced by the precipitation form; either rain or snow. Occasions with less than 40% normal ratio amount occurred in the northern region, and mostly during winter months with snowfall dominating. Ion concentration ratio of chloride can show the influences of strong meteorological events, as well as marine influences on a regional scale. Sulphur ion concentration ratios reveal a south to north diminishing gradient, as well as a seasonal cycle. Ion concentration ratios are not stable on a local scale and cannot be used effectively as site specific quality indicators. They can, however, be used to check the reliability of calculated deposition. Recommendations on quality control handling are given.
Ratio between throughfall and open-field bulk precipitation used for quality control in deposition monitoring
AbstractIn the Swedish regional throughfall monitoring network, set up to assess the atmospheric input of acidifying compounds to forests, throughfall collections are combined with open-field bulk precipitation collections throughout the nation. Bulk precipitation chemistry is routinely compared with throughfall chemistry to estimate deposition to the forest floor. The amount ratio between throughfall and bulk precipitation can give valuable information about the quality of the collected samples. In this study, the information provided by the ratios between throughfall and open field and amounts, supported by ion concentrations of chloride and sulphur is discussed for deciduous and coniferous forests while using summer or winter collectors. Distribution of common vs. uncommon ratios for amounts shows regional patterns on a temporal scale. On a local scale, ratios are primarily dependent on tree species and shape, forest stand structure, and meteorological events, in that order. Amount ratios in Sweden are strongly influenced by the precipitation form; either rain or snow. Occasions with less than 40% normal ratio amount occurred in the northern region, and mostly during winter months with snowfall dominating. Ion concentration ratio of chloride can show the influences of strong meteorological events, as well as marine influences on a regional scale. Sulphur ion concentration ratios reveal a south to north diminishing gradient, as well as a seasonal cycle. Ion concentration ratios are not stable on a local scale and cannot be used effectively as site specific quality indicators. They can, however, be used to check the reliability of calculated deposition. Recommendations on quality control handling are given.
Ratio between throughfall and open-field bulk precipitation used for quality control in deposition monitoring
Knulst, Johan C. (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 38 ; 4869-4878
26.05.2004
10 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch