Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Theoretical characterization of gradient wind models of a translating tropical cyclone
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-5915
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-5255
Abstract To elucidate the underlying assumption behind four existing gradient wind (GW) models in relation to a translating tropical cyclone, we theoretically derived all the GW models solely from the storm-relative (SR) momentum equations in a unified manner. Then, we characterized the five GW models, including a new model, by deriving the mathematical form of the residuals of each GW model from the SR momentum equations, and evaluated the quantitative characteristics of the residuals with a numerical example. The numerical results indicated that the GW model used by Georgiou et al. (1983) exhibited the largest residuals among the five models, whereas the GW model used by Kepert (2001) exhibited virtually zero residuals as theoretically expected if the geostrophic balance and the synoptic-scale environmental pressure superposition can be assumed. The performance of each GW model was evaluated by root mean square errors (RMSEs) with reference to the horizontal wind velocities observed by wind profilers at high altitudes during the passage of Typhoon Jebi 2018 toward and across Japan. The RMSE results are found consistent with the residual characteristics theoretically deduced and numerically evaluated, indicating the excellence of the Kepert model in performance and adequacy of the related assumptions.
Highlights Underlying assumptions of gradient wind models were theoretically identified. Gradient wind models were characterized by model assumptions and equation residuals. Root mean square errors of modeled and observed winds were evaluated for typhoons. Magnitudes of equation residuals correlated well with root mean square errors. Gradient wind model used by performed best among five models.
Theoretical characterization of gradient wind models of a translating tropical cyclone
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-5915
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-5255
Abstract To elucidate the underlying assumption behind four existing gradient wind (GW) models in relation to a translating tropical cyclone, we theoretically derived all the GW models solely from the storm-relative (SR) momentum equations in a unified manner. Then, we characterized the five GW models, including a new model, by deriving the mathematical form of the residuals of each GW model from the SR momentum equations, and evaluated the quantitative characteristics of the residuals with a numerical example. The numerical results indicated that the GW model used by Georgiou et al. (1983) exhibited the largest residuals among the five models, whereas the GW model used by Kepert (2001) exhibited virtually zero residuals as theoretically expected if the geostrophic balance and the synoptic-scale environmental pressure superposition can be assumed. The performance of each GW model was evaluated by root mean square errors (RMSEs) with reference to the horizontal wind velocities observed by wind profilers at high altitudes during the passage of Typhoon Jebi 2018 toward and across Japan. The RMSE results are found consistent with the residual characteristics theoretically deduced and numerically evaluated, indicating the excellence of the Kepert model in performance and adequacy of the related assumptions.
Highlights Underlying assumptions of gradient wind models were theoretically identified. Gradient wind models were characterized by model assumptions and equation residuals. Root mean square errors of modeled and observed winds were evaluated for typhoons. Magnitudes of equation residuals correlated well with root mean square errors. Gradient wind model used by performed best among five models.
Theoretical characterization of gradient wind models of a translating tropical cyclone
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-5915
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1782-5255
Abstract To elucidate the underlying assumption behind four existing gradient wind (GW) models in relation to a translating tropical cyclone, we theoretically derived all the GW models solely from the storm-relative (SR) momentum equations in a unified manner. Then, we characterized the five GW models, including a new model, by deriving the mathematical form of the residuals of each GW model from the SR momentum equations, and evaluated the quantitative characteristics of the residuals with a numerical example. The numerical results indicated that the GW model used by Georgiou et al. (1983) exhibited the largest residuals among the five models, whereas the GW model used by Kepert (2001) exhibited virtually zero residuals as theoretically expected if the geostrophic balance and the synoptic-scale environmental pressure superposition can be assumed. The performance of each GW model was evaluated by root mean square errors (RMSEs) with reference to the horizontal wind velocities observed by wind profilers at high altitudes during the passage of Typhoon Jebi 2018 toward and across Japan. The RMSE results are found consistent with the residual characteristics theoretically deduced and numerically evaluated, indicating the excellence of the Kepert model in performance and adequacy of the related assumptions.
Highlights Underlying assumptions of gradient wind models were theoretically identified. Gradient wind models were characterized by model assumptions and equation residuals. Root mean square errors of modeled and observed winds were evaluated for typhoons. Magnitudes of equation residuals correlated well with root mean square errors. Gradient wind model used by performed best among five models.
Theoretical characterization of gradient wind models of a translating tropical cyclone
Eguchi, Yuzuru (Autor:in) / Nomura, Mitsuharu (Autor:in) / Hattori, Yasuo (Autor:in)
22.08.2023
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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