Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Experimental studies of seismic behavior of rocks under crustal conditions
Abstract Earthquakes associated with reservoir filling seem to be restricted to the shallow crust and, therefore, occur under modest confining pressure and temperature in rocks which are probably saturated with water under pressure and in which joints and other discontinuities play an important role. With the exception of scale, all of these parameters can be simulated in the laboratory. Only two mechanisms probably need to be considered for shallow crustal earthquakes — brittle fracture and frictional stick—slip. Both of these phenomena have received considerable attention because of their potential application to seismicity. The two types of laboratory experiment currently being carried out involve either specimens a few centimeters in size, which can be subjected to the full range of crustal pressure, temperature, and pore pressure, or specimens several meters in size which are studied in situ at atmospheric pressure and temperature. We review progress in experimental studies for both these procedures, with particular attention to the role of effective pressure, rock type, gouge thickness, and temperature. The scaling of laboratory results to geologic conditions is still uncertain, although efforts have been made to determine directly the size effect and parameters such as stiffness, which are probably critical in scaling.
Experimental studies of seismic behavior of rocks under crustal conditions
Abstract Earthquakes associated with reservoir filling seem to be restricted to the shallow crust and, therefore, occur under modest confining pressure and temperature in rocks which are probably saturated with water under pressure and in which joints and other discontinuities play an important role. With the exception of scale, all of these parameters can be simulated in the laboratory. Only two mechanisms probably need to be considered for shallow crustal earthquakes — brittle fracture and frictional stick—slip. Both of these phenomena have received considerable attention because of their potential application to seismicity. The two types of laboratory experiment currently being carried out involve either specimens a few centimeters in size, which can be subjected to the full range of crustal pressure, temperature, and pore pressure, or specimens several meters in size which are studied in situ at atmospheric pressure and temperature. We review progress in experimental studies for both these procedures, with particular attention to the role of effective pressure, rock type, gouge thickness, and temperature. The scaling of laboratory results to geologic conditions is still uncertain, although efforts have been made to determine directly the size effect and parameters such as stiffness, which are probably critical in scaling.
Experimental studies of seismic behavior of rocks under crustal conditions
Brace, W.F. (Autor:in)
Engineering Geology ; 8 ; 109-127
29.01.1974
19 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Partial melting of crustal rocks
| Elsevier | 1988
| British Library Online Contents | 1999