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Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Aqueous-phase nitration of phenol by N2O5 and ClNO2
AbstractNitrophenols are present in the atmospheric gas phase and in cloud and rainwater. Their formation via aqueous-phase reactions of phenol with the nitronium ion, NO2+, arising from N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into the aqueous phase, has been proposed but not verified experimentally. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that gaseous N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into dilute aqueous solutions of phenol yields 2- and 4-nitrophenol (and 4-nitrosophenol), but no dinitrophenol isomers. The rate of nitration does not vary significantly between 5 and 20°C, presumably because of opposing temperature dependences in Henry's law partitioning and reaction rate coefficients. The rate coefficient for reaction of NO2+ with phenol could not be directly quantified but is evidently large enough for this reaction to compete effectively with the reaction between NO2+ and water and to provide a feasible route to nitrophenol production in the atmosphere.
Aqueous-phase nitration of phenol by N2O5 and ClNO2
AbstractNitrophenols are present in the atmospheric gas phase and in cloud and rainwater. Their formation via aqueous-phase reactions of phenol with the nitronium ion, NO2+, arising from N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into the aqueous phase, has been proposed but not verified experimentally. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that gaseous N2O5 and ClNO2 partitioning into dilute aqueous solutions of phenol yields 2- and 4-nitrophenol (and 4-nitrosophenol), but no dinitrophenol isomers. The rate of nitration does not vary significantly between 5 and 20°C, presumably because of opposing temperature dependences in Henry's law partitioning and reaction rate coefficients. The rate coefficient for reaction of NO2+ with phenol could not be directly quantified but is evidently large enough for this reaction to compete effectively with the reaction between NO2+ and water and to provide a feasible route to nitrophenol production in the atmosphere.
Aqueous-phase nitration of phenol by N2O5 and ClNO2
Heal, Mathew R. (Autor:in) / Harrison, Mark A.J. (Autor:in) / Neil Cape, J. (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 41 ; 3515-3520
05.02.2007
6 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Selective nitration of phenol over sulfated titania systems prepared via sol–gel route
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| Engineering Index Backfile | 1926
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