Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Field sampling method for quantifying volatile sulfur compounds from animal feeding operations
AbstractVolatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are a major class of chemicals associated with odor from animal feeding operations (AFOs). Identifying and quantifying VSCs in air is challenging due to their volatility, reactivity, and low concentrations. In the present study, a canister-based method collected whole air in fused silica-lined (FSL) mini-canister (1.4L) following passage through a calcium chloride drying tube. Sampled air from the canisters was removed (10–600mL), dried, pre-concentrated, and cryofocused into a GC system with parallel detectors (mass spectrometer (MS) and pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD)). The column effluent was split 20:1 between the MS and PFPD. The PFPD equimolar sulfur response enhanced quantitation and the location of sulfur peaks for mass spectral identity and quantitation. Limit of quantitation for the PFPD and MSD was set at the least sensitive VSC (hydrogen sulfide) and determined to be 177 and 28pgS, respectively, or 0.300 and 0.048μgm−3 air, respectively. Storage stability of hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol was problematic in warm humid air (25°C, 96% relative humidity (RH)) without being dried first, however, stability in canisters dried was still only 65% after 24h of storage. Storage stability of hydrogen sulfide sampled in the field at a swine facility was over 2 days. The greater stability of field samples compared to laboratory samples was due to the lower temperature and RH of field samples compared to laboratory generated samples. Hydrogen sulfide was the dominant odorous VSCs detected at all swine facilities with methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide detected notably above their odor threshold values. The main odorous VSC detected in aged poultry litter was dimethyl trisulfide. Other VSCs above odor threshold values for poultry facilities were methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide.
Field sampling method for quantifying volatile sulfur compounds from animal feeding operations
AbstractVolatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are a major class of chemicals associated with odor from animal feeding operations (AFOs). Identifying and quantifying VSCs in air is challenging due to their volatility, reactivity, and low concentrations. In the present study, a canister-based method collected whole air in fused silica-lined (FSL) mini-canister (1.4L) following passage through a calcium chloride drying tube. Sampled air from the canisters was removed (10–600mL), dried, pre-concentrated, and cryofocused into a GC system with parallel detectors (mass spectrometer (MS) and pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD)). The column effluent was split 20:1 between the MS and PFPD. The PFPD equimolar sulfur response enhanced quantitation and the location of sulfur peaks for mass spectral identity and quantitation. Limit of quantitation for the PFPD and MSD was set at the least sensitive VSC (hydrogen sulfide) and determined to be 177 and 28pgS, respectively, or 0.300 and 0.048μgm−3 air, respectively. Storage stability of hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol was problematic in warm humid air (25°C, 96% relative humidity (RH)) without being dried first, however, stability in canisters dried was still only 65% after 24h of storage. Storage stability of hydrogen sulfide sampled in the field at a swine facility was over 2 days. The greater stability of field samples compared to laboratory samples was due to the lower temperature and RH of field samples compared to laboratory generated samples. Hydrogen sulfide was the dominant odorous VSCs detected at all swine facilities with methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide detected notably above their odor threshold values. The main odorous VSC detected in aged poultry litter was dimethyl trisulfide. Other VSCs above odor threshold values for poultry facilities were methanethiol and dimethyl sulfide.
Field sampling method for quantifying volatile sulfur compounds from animal feeding operations
Trabue, Steven (Autor:in) / Scoggin, Kenwood (Autor:in) / Mitloehner, Frank (Autor:in) / Li, Hong (Autor:in) / Burns, Robert (Autor:in) / Xin, Hongwei (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 42 ; 3332-3341
18.03.2007
10 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Volatile sulfur compounds , Animal feeding operations , CAFO , Odor , AFO , animal feeding operation , VSC , volatile sulfur compound , PFPD , pulsed flame photometric detector , RH , relative humidity , FSL , fused silica lined , OAV , odor activity value , ppmv , parts-per-million volume , ppbv , parts-per billion volume , SPME , solid phase microextraction.