Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
How the user can influence particulate emissions from residential wood and pellet stoves: Emission factors for different fuels and burning conditions
AbstractFor a common household wood stove and a pellet stove we investigated the dependence of emission factors for various gaseous and particulate pollutants on burning phase, burning condition, and fuel. Ideal and non-ideal burning conditions (dried wood, under- and overload, small logs, logs with bark, excess air) were used. We tested 11 hardwood species (apple, ash, bangkirai, birch, beech, cherry, hickory, oak, olive, plum, sugar maple), 4 softwood species (Douglas fir, pine, spruce, spruce/fir), treated softwood, beech and oak wood briquettes, paper briquettes, brown coal, wood chips, and herbaceous species (miscanthus, Chinese silver grass) as fuel. Particle composition (black carbon, non-refractory, and some semi-refractory species) was measured continuously. Repeatability was shown to be better for the pellet stove than for the wood stove. It was shown that the user has a strong influence on wood stove emission behavior both by selection of the fuel and of the burning conditions: Combustion efficiency was found to be low at both very low and very high burn rates, and influenced particle properties such as particle number, mass, and organic content in a complex way. No marked differences were found for the emissions from different wood species. For non-woody fuels, much higher emission factors could be observed (up to five-fold increase). Strongest enhancement of emission factors was found for burning of small or dried logs (up to six-fold), and usage of excess air (two- to three-fold). Real world pellet stove emissions can be expected to be much closer to laboratory-derived emission factors than wood stove emissions, due to lower dependence on user operation.
Graphical abstract
HighlightsComprehensive dataset of emission factors for wood and pellet stoves.Real-time particle composition measurements reveal differences between burning phases.In-depth analysis of influence of burning conditions and fuels on emission factors.Sufficient residence time in combustion chamber most important to reduce emissions.
How the user can influence particulate emissions from residential wood and pellet stoves: Emission factors for different fuels and burning conditions
AbstractFor a common household wood stove and a pellet stove we investigated the dependence of emission factors for various gaseous and particulate pollutants on burning phase, burning condition, and fuel. Ideal and non-ideal burning conditions (dried wood, under- and overload, small logs, logs with bark, excess air) were used. We tested 11 hardwood species (apple, ash, bangkirai, birch, beech, cherry, hickory, oak, olive, plum, sugar maple), 4 softwood species (Douglas fir, pine, spruce, spruce/fir), treated softwood, beech and oak wood briquettes, paper briquettes, brown coal, wood chips, and herbaceous species (miscanthus, Chinese silver grass) as fuel. Particle composition (black carbon, non-refractory, and some semi-refractory species) was measured continuously. Repeatability was shown to be better for the pellet stove than for the wood stove. It was shown that the user has a strong influence on wood stove emission behavior both by selection of the fuel and of the burning conditions: Combustion efficiency was found to be low at both very low and very high burn rates, and influenced particle properties such as particle number, mass, and organic content in a complex way. No marked differences were found for the emissions from different wood species. For non-woody fuels, much higher emission factors could be observed (up to five-fold increase). Strongest enhancement of emission factors was found for burning of small or dried logs (up to six-fold), and usage of excess air (two- to three-fold). Real world pellet stove emissions can be expected to be much closer to laboratory-derived emission factors than wood stove emissions, due to lower dependence on user operation.
Graphical abstract
HighlightsComprehensive dataset of emission factors for wood and pellet stoves.Real-time particle composition measurements reveal differences between burning phases.In-depth analysis of influence of burning conditions and fuels on emission factors.Sufficient residence time in combustion chamber most important to reduce emissions.
How the user can influence particulate emissions from residential wood and pellet stoves: Emission factors for different fuels and burning conditions
Fachinger, Friederike (Autor:in) / Drewnick, Frank (Autor:in) / Gieré, Reto (Autor:in) / Borrmann, Stephan (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 158 ; 216-226
15.03.2017
11 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Particulate exposure and size distribution from wood burning stoves in Costa Rica
| Wiley | 2003
Particulate exposure and size distribution from wood burning stoves in Costa Rica
| Online Contents | 2003