Comparing households with every member out-of-home in developing countries using travel surveys: Fid-Bau Portal

Comparing households with every member out-of-home in developing countries using travel surveys

Nakayama, Tomoki / Sato, Yoshihiro / Maruyama, Takuya

Abstract Understanding the nobody-at-home situation is important because the examination can help analyze several urban problems, including home-delivery failures and burglaries. Several studies have investigated households with every member out-of-home (HEMO) using household travel survey data in Japan, but the data from other countries remain unexplored. In this study, we compared the HEMO rates in 14 cities worldwide using household travel survey data from 1996 to 2013, revealing unique features of cities. The time allocation and Tobit models analyzed the HEMO durations, and the binary logit models explored the HEMO rate profile. The results revealed the differences in the HEMO situation of the target cities located primarily in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. These differences can be attributed to lifestyle and culture. Lower HEMO rates were observed in cities with a conservative culture where females typically remain at home (e.g., Karachi) and cities with larger household sizes (e.g., Manila, Managua, Belem, and Hanoi). HEMO rates and durations tended to increase with GDP per capita via industrialization. This study shows that household travel surveys, which have mainly been used in transportation planning, can also be used to reveal city features by identifying their HEMO profiles.

Highlights • Households with every member out-of-home (HEMO) varies across global cities. • The HEMO rates and durations increase with GDP per capita. • Higher-income and smaller households exhibit higher HEMO rates and durations. • Geographic and lifestyle factors contribute to differences in HEMO rates.