Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Nighttime–daytime PM10 source apportionment and toxicity in a remoteness inland city of the Iberian Peninsula
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-4409
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-3186
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-7085
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-0001
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-7800
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-4915
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-4511
Abstract The distribution of daytime and nighttime sources of PM10 collected from January to March 2021 at an urban background site in the city of Bragança, Portugal, was performed using positive matrix factorisation (PMF). Additional data of PM2.5, NOx and meteorological variables were collected to support the interpretations. A solution with 5 factor profiles was found: traffic (33%), dust (24%), biomass burning (21%), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) (12%) and sea salt (10%). Mean daytime and nighttime PM10 concentrations were 43.1 μg m−3 and 46.1 μg m−3, respectively. Nighttime concentrations were dominated by residential biomass combustion. Vehicle traffic and dust factors showed significantly greater contributions during the day (+12% and +4%, respectively), suggesting that exhaust and non-exhaust emissions and long-range transport are important contributors to daytime PM10 levels. In contrast, there were no significant differences between day and night for SIA and sea salt. Exceedances of the daily limit to PM10 (50 μg m−3) and PM2.5 (15 μg m−3) were observed in 22 (33%) and 27 (40%) days of the campaign, respectively, mostly associated with biomass burning for residential heating, but also with Saharan dust outbreaks. The application of the Aliivibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay for ecotoxicity assessment allowed classifying 70% of the samples as toxic, especially those from the nocturnal period, indicating that biomass burning is one of the main sources responsible for PM10 toxicity. Both the contributions from biomass burning estimated by the PMF and multiple tracers of this source showed statistically significant correlations with the toxicity units.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights PMF was applied to PM10 samples segregated by day and night periods. Traffic was found to be the main source during the day representing 33% of the PM10. Biomass burning was the main contributor to exceedances of PM10 limit values. 70% of the samples were classified as toxic. Toxicity was mainly attributed to biomass burning.
Nighttime–daytime PM10 source apportionment and toxicity in a remoteness inland city of the Iberian Peninsula
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-4409
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-3186
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-7085
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-0001
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-7800
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-4915
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-4511
Abstract The distribution of daytime and nighttime sources of PM10 collected from January to March 2021 at an urban background site in the city of Bragança, Portugal, was performed using positive matrix factorisation (PMF). Additional data of PM2.5, NOx and meteorological variables were collected to support the interpretations. A solution with 5 factor profiles was found: traffic (33%), dust (24%), biomass burning (21%), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) (12%) and sea salt (10%). Mean daytime and nighttime PM10 concentrations were 43.1 μg m−3 and 46.1 μg m−3, respectively. Nighttime concentrations were dominated by residential biomass combustion. Vehicle traffic and dust factors showed significantly greater contributions during the day (+12% and +4%, respectively), suggesting that exhaust and non-exhaust emissions and long-range transport are important contributors to daytime PM10 levels. In contrast, there were no significant differences between day and night for SIA and sea salt. Exceedances of the daily limit to PM10 (50 μg m−3) and PM2.5 (15 μg m−3) were observed in 22 (33%) and 27 (40%) days of the campaign, respectively, mostly associated with biomass burning for residential heating, but also with Saharan dust outbreaks. The application of the Aliivibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay for ecotoxicity assessment allowed classifying 70% of the samples as toxic, especially those from the nocturnal period, indicating that biomass burning is one of the main sources responsible for PM10 toxicity. Both the contributions from biomass burning estimated by the PMF and multiple tracers of this source showed statistically significant correlations with the toxicity units.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights PMF was applied to PM10 samples segregated by day and night periods. Traffic was found to be the main source during the day representing 33% of the PM10. Biomass burning was the main contributor to exceedances of PM10 limit values. 70% of the samples were classified as toxic. Toxicity was mainly attributed to biomass burning.
Nighttime–daytime PM10 source apportionment and toxicity in a remoteness inland city of the Iberian Peninsula
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2818-4409
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-3186
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5775-7085
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2541-0001
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0291-7800
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0313-4915
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3147-4511
Abstract The distribution of daytime and nighttime sources of PM10 collected from January to March 2021 at an urban background site in the city of Bragança, Portugal, was performed using positive matrix factorisation (PMF). Additional data of PM2.5, NOx and meteorological variables were collected to support the interpretations. A solution with 5 factor profiles was found: traffic (33%), dust (24%), biomass burning (21%), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) (12%) and sea salt (10%). Mean daytime and nighttime PM10 concentrations were 43.1 μg m−3 and 46.1 μg m−3, respectively. Nighttime concentrations were dominated by residential biomass combustion. Vehicle traffic and dust factors showed significantly greater contributions during the day (+12% and +4%, respectively), suggesting that exhaust and non-exhaust emissions and long-range transport are important contributors to daytime PM10 levels. In contrast, there were no significant differences between day and night for SIA and sea salt. Exceedances of the daily limit to PM10 (50 μg m−3) and PM2.5 (15 μg m−3) were observed in 22 (33%) and 27 (40%) days of the campaign, respectively, mostly associated with biomass burning for residential heating, but also with Saharan dust outbreaks. The application of the Aliivibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay for ecotoxicity assessment allowed classifying 70% of the samples as toxic, especially those from the nocturnal period, indicating that biomass burning is one of the main sources responsible for PM10 toxicity. Both the contributions from biomass burning estimated by the PMF and multiple tracers of this source showed statistically significant correlations with the toxicity units.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights PMF was applied to PM10 samples segregated by day and night periods. Traffic was found to be the main source during the day representing 33% of the PM10. Biomass burning was the main contributor to exceedances of PM10 limit values. 70% of the samples were classified as toxic. Toxicity was mainly attributed to biomass burning.
Nighttime–daytime PM10 source apportionment and toxicity in a remoteness inland city of the Iberian Peninsula
Cipoli, Yago Alonso (Autor:in) / Alves, Célia (Autor:in) / Rapuano, Marco (Autor:in) / Evtyugina, Margarita (Autor:in) / Rienda, Ismael Casotti (Autor:in) / Kováts, Nora (Autor:in) / Vicente, Ana (Autor:in) / Giardi, Fabio (Autor:in) / Furst, Leonardo (Autor:in) / Nunes, Teresa (Autor:in)
Atmospheric Environment ; 303
05.04.2023
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Taylor & Francis Verlag | 1975
Productivity in Daytime and Nighttime Construction of Urban Sewer Systems
| British Library Online Contents | 2014