Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Forces on buildings with openings and orientation in a steady post-tsunami free-surface flow
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-5740
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-3560
Abstract Steady free-surface flows around buildings occurring during flood or tsunami events can produce major damages and a quantification of the post-peak forces is essential for safety and resilience of coastal structures. The loading process is highly affected by the flow Froude number and the drag coefficient, commonly defined for highly subcritical flows, while field observations of tsunami flows reported Froude numbers close to one, visually appearing as a choked regime. The present experimental study addresses the hydrodynamic forces on emerging buildings in a subcritical choked regime, focusing on the effect of openings and orientation. Laboratory experiments indicated a substantial difference in flow depths between the up- and downstream side of the building for increasing Froude numbers. The presence of openings induced a flow through the building lowering the difference in flow depth, limiting the effect of the hydrostatic component of the loading process. The formulation of an empirical resistance coefficient C R allowed a combination of both form drag and hydrostatic forces. Whilst for impervious buildings C R was consistent with reference studies, for buildings with openings C R was directly dependent upon porosity. Contrarily to the unsteady flow conditions, results showed that the sidewalls also played a role in the loading process. Buildings with a rotated orientation resulted in slightly larger surfaces exposed to the flow and larger horizontal forces. Nevertheless, these were applied at lower cantilever arms, thus reducing the tilting moment. Altogether, this study provides experimentally-derived parameters that will support hydraulic engineers in the design of coastal structures.
Highlights Comprehensive experimental study on the effect of building openings and orientation on forces induced by a steady flow. Reveals different patterns for subcritical flows through and around buildings with various geometries. Quantifies the influence of openings on the loading process exerted on obstacles with and without orientation.
Forces on buildings with openings and orientation in a steady post-tsunami free-surface flow
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-5740
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-3560
Abstract Steady free-surface flows around buildings occurring during flood or tsunami events can produce major damages and a quantification of the post-peak forces is essential for safety and resilience of coastal structures. The loading process is highly affected by the flow Froude number and the drag coefficient, commonly defined for highly subcritical flows, while field observations of tsunami flows reported Froude numbers close to one, visually appearing as a choked regime. The present experimental study addresses the hydrodynamic forces on emerging buildings in a subcritical choked regime, focusing on the effect of openings and orientation. Laboratory experiments indicated a substantial difference in flow depths between the up- and downstream side of the building for increasing Froude numbers. The presence of openings induced a flow through the building lowering the difference in flow depth, limiting the effect of the hydrostatic component of the loading process. The formulation of an empirical resistance coefficient C R allowed a combination of both form drag and hydrostatic forces. Whilst for impervious buildings C R was consistent with reference studies, for buildings with openings C R was directly dependent upon porosity. Contrarily to the unsteady flow conditions, results showed that the sidewalls also played a role in the loading process. Buildings with a rotated orientation resulted in slightly larger surfaces exposed to the flow and larger horizontal forces. Nevertheless, these were applied at lower cantilever arms, thus reducing the tilting moment. Altogether, this study provides experimentally-derived parameters that will support hydraulic engineers in the design of coastal structures.
Highlights Comprehensive experimental study on the effect of building openings and orientation on forces induced by a steady flow. Reveals different patterns for subcritical flows through and around buildings with various geometries. Quantifies the influence of openings on the loading process exerted on obstacles with and without orientation.
Forces on buildings with openings and orientation in a steady post-tsunami free-surface flow
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1559-5740
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-3560
Abstract Steady free-surface flows around buildings occurring during flood or tsunami events can produce major damages and a quantification of the post-peak forces is essential for safety and resilience of coastal structures. The loading process is highly affected by the flow Froude number and the drag coefficient, commonly defined for highly subcritical flows, while field observations of tsunami flows reported Froude numbers close to one, visually appearing as a choked regime. The present experimental study addresses the hydrodynamic forces on emerging buildings in a subcritical choked regime, focusing on the effect of openings and orientation. Laboratory experiments indicated a substantial difference in flow depths between the up- and downstream side of the building for increasing Froude numbers. The presence of openings induced a flow through the building lowering the difference in flow depth, limiting the effect of the hydrostatic component of the loading process. The formulation of an empirical resistance coefficient C R allowed a combination of both form drag and hydrostatic forces. Whilst for impervious buildings C R was consistent with reference studies, for buildings with openings C R was directly dependent upon porosity. Contrarily to the unsteady flow conditions, results showed that the sidewalls also played a role in the loading process. Buildings with a rotated orientation resulted in slightly larger surfaces exposed to the flow and larger horizontal forces. Nevertheless, these were applied at lower cantilever arms, thus reducing the tilting moment. Altogether, this study provides experimentally-derived parameters that will support hydraulic engineers in the design of coastal structures.
Highlights Comprehensive experimental study on the effect of building openings and orientation on forces induced by a steady flow. Reveals different patterns for subcritical flows through and around buildings with various geometries. Quantifies the influence of openings on the loading process exerted on obstacles with and without orientation.
Forces on buildings with openings and orientation in a steady post-tsunami free-surface flow
Wüthrich, Davide (Autor:in) / Pfister, Michael (Autor:in) / Schleiss, Anton J. (Autor:in)
Coastal Engineering ; 161
05.07.2020
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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