Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Exposure and respiratory infection risk via the short-range airborne route
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-4529
Abstract Leading health authorities have suggested short-range airborne transmission as a major route of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is no simple method to assess the short-range airborne infection risk or identify its governing parameters. We proposed a short-range airborne infection risk assessment model based on the continuum model and two-stage jet model. The effects of ventilation, physical distance and activity intensity on the short-range airborne exposure were studied systematically. The results suggested that increasing physical distance and ventilation reduced short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. However, a diminishing return phenomenon was observed when the ventilation rate or physical distance was beyond a certain threshold. When the infectious quantum concentration was less than 1 quantum/L at the mouth, our newly defined threshold distance and threshold ventilation rate were independent of quantum concentration. We estimated threshold distances of 0.59, 1.1, 1.7 and 2.6 m for sedentary/passive, light, moderate and intense activities, respectively. At these distances, the threshold ventilation was estimated to be 8, 20, 43, and 83 L/s per person, respectively. The findings show that both physical distancing and adequate ventilation are essential for minimising infection risk, especially in high-intensity activity or densely populated spaces.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights A dilution factor was derived from a two-stage jet model. Physical distancing reduces short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. High ventilation also reduces short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. High ventilation does not reduce infection risk at very close distances. Threshold distance for short-range airborne infection control can be determined.
Exposure and respiratory infection risk via the short-range airborne route
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-4529
Abstract Leading health authorities have suggested short-range airborne transmission as a major route of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is no simple method to assess the short-range airborne infection risk or identify its governing parameters. We proposed a short-range airborne infection risk assessment model based on the continuum model and two-stage jet model. The effects of ventilation, physical distance and activity intensity on the short-range airborne exposure were studied systematically. The results suggested that increasing physical distance and ventilation reduced short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. However, a diminishing return phenomenon was observed when the ventilation rate or physical distance was beyond a certain threshold. When the infectious quantum concentration was less than 1 quantum/L at the mouth, our newly defined threshold distance and threshold ventilation rate were independent of quantum concentration. We estimated threshold distances of 0.59, 1.1, 1.7 and 2.6 m for sedentary/passive, light, moderate and intense activities, respectively. At these distances, the threshold ventilation was estimated to be 8, 20, 43, and 83 L/s per person, respectively. The findings show that both physical distancing and adequate ventilation are essential for minimising infection risk, especially in high-intensity activity or densely populated spaces.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights A dilution factor was derived from a two-stage jet model. Physical distancing reduces short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. High ventilation also reduces short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. High ventilation does not reduce infection risk at very close distances. Threshold distance for short-range airborne infection control can be determined.
Exposure and respiratory infection risk via the short-range airborne route
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2281-4529
Abstract Leading health authorities have suggested short-range airborne transmission as a major route of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, there is no simple method to assess the short-range airborne infection risk or identify its governing parameters. We proposed a short-range airborne infection risk assessment model based on the continuum model and two-stage jet model. The effects of ventilation, physical distance and activity intensity on the short-range airborne exposure were studied systematically. The results suggested that increasing physical distance and ventilation reduced short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. However, a diminishing return phenomenon was observed when the ventilation rate or physical distance was beyond a certain threshold. When the infectious quantum concentration was less than 1 quantum/L at the mouth, our newly defined threshold distance and threshold ventilation rate were independent of quantum concentration. We estimated threshold distances of 0.59, 1.1, 1.7 and 2.6 m for sedentary/passive, light, moderate and intense activities, respectively. At these distances, the threshold ventilation was estimated to be 8, 20, 43, and 83 L/s per person, respectively. The findings show that both physical distancing and adequate ventilation are essential for minimising infection risk, especially in high-intensity activity or densely populated spaces.
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights A dilution factor was derived from a two-stage jet model. Physical distancing reduces short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. High ventilation also reduces short-range airborne exposure and infection risk. High ventilation does not reduce infection risk at very close distances. Threshold distance for short-range airborne infection control can be determined.
Exposure and respiratory infection risk via the short-range airborne route
Jia, Wei (Autor:in) / Wei, Jianjian (Autor:in) / Cheng, Pan (Autor:in) / Wang, Qun (Autor:in) / Li, Yuguo (Autor:in)
Building and Environment ; 219
02.05.2022
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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