Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Abstract The process of increasing resistance to failure under mechanical stress is called toughening. Toughness is the energy absorbed by the material during deformation before failure. Depending on the type of application and the test involved are two ways of defining toughness. The first is the integral of the area under a true stress true strain curve up to the point of fracture (see Stress and Strain). Since stress is force/unit area and strain is length/length the units of the integral are force x length/area x length i.e. energy/volume. Toughness is therefore the energy absorbed by the material per unit volume during plastic deformation the units being Joules/m3. The second, and more usual in polymer science, way of considering toughness is to consider the amount of energy required to propagate a crack through the material. A brittle material will fail by crack propagation with little plastic deformation and the toughness of the material is then defined as the energy required for the crack to grow and create an increase in the surface area of cracked material, the units being Joules/m2. This latter definition is the one relevant to impact processes (see Impact Strength and Impact and Rapid Crack Propagation and Slow Crack Growth).
Abstract The process of increasing resistance to failure under mechanical stress is called toughening. Toughness is the energy absorbed by the material during deformation before failure. Depending on the type of application and the test involved are two ways of defining toughness. The first is the integral of the area under a true stress true strain curve up to the point of fracture (see Stress and Strain). Since stress is force/unit area and strain is length/length the units of the integral are force x length/area x length i.e. energy/volume. Toughness is therefore the energy absorbed by the material per unit volume during plastic deformation the units being Joules/m3. The second, and more usual in polymer science, way of considering toughness is to consider the amount of energy required to propagate a crack through the material. A brittle material will fail by crack propagation with little plastic deformation and the toughness of the material is then defined as the energy required for the crack to grow and create an increase in the surface area of cracked material, the units being Joules/m2. This latter definition is the one relevant to impact processes (see Impact Strength and Impact and Rapid Crack Propagation and Slow Crack Growth).
Toughening
Swallowe, G. M. (Autor:in)
01.01.1999
3 pages
Aufsatz/Kapitel (Buch)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
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