Comparative Analysis of Buckling Behaviour in Varied Cross-Section Cruciform Steel Columns: Fid-Bau Portal

Comparative Analysis of Buckling Behaviour in Varied Cross-Section Cruciform Steel Columns

Deepthi, V. / Krishnachandran, V. N.

Steel columns are vital structural components extensively used in construction and engineering projects. Cruciform steel columns represent a specialized and efficient structural element within the realm of construction and engineering. Characterized by a cross-shaped cross-section resembling the form of a crucifix, these columns offer distinct advantages in terms of load-bearing capacity and structural resilience. Cruciform steel columns feature four extended flanges or arms protruding from a central core or web. This unique configuration amplifies their ability to withstand external forces, providing superior resistance against buckling. Generally, buckling is the primary cause of the column’s collapse. Buckling refers to the sudden, lateral deflection or failure of a column subjected to compressive loads beyond its critical threshold. This study undertakes an analytical assessment employing the ABAQUS 2017 finite element software to thoroughly evaluate buckling behavior of cruciform steel columns. The aim is to conduct a comparative study between various cross section configuration of cruciform steel columns, examining their buckling behaviors under axial compression. Furthermore, the study examines the buckling behavior of cruciform columns under different end conditions, aiming to understand their performance under varied support conditions. Also, the project compares the behavior and performance of plain and flanged cruciform steel columns to evaluate the impact of structural modifications on their buckling resistance. Based on this analysis, it was concluded that the flanged cruciform section is a good choice for efficient load carrying capacity. It is noteworthy that fixed-hinged end conditions exhibit a higher critical buckling load compared to fixed-free end conditions, indicating the significance of end conditions in determining buckling behavior. Moreover, the comparison between cruciform steel columns and conventional I-sections reveals that cruciform steel columns generally have a higher critical buckling load.