Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Inhalation of Concentrated Ambient Particulate Matter near a Heavily Trafficked Road Stimulates Antigen-Induced Airway Responses in Mice
The goal of this study was to test the following hypotheses:(1) exposure to mobile emissions from mobile sources close to a heavily trafficked roadway will exacerbate airway inflammation and allergic airway responses in a sensitized mouse model, and (2) the magnitude of allergic airway disease responses will decrease with increasing distance from the roadway. A particle concentrator and a mobile exposure facility were used to expose ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice to purified air and concentrated fine and concentrated ultrafine ambient particles at 50 m and 150 m downwind from a roadway that was heavily impacted by emissions from heavy duty diesel-powered vehicles. After exposure, we assessed interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, OVA-specific immunoglobulin E, OVA-specific immunoglobulin G1, and eosinophil influx as biomarkers of allergic responses and numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes as a marker of inflammation. The study was performed over a two-year period, and there were differences in the concentrations and compositions of ambient particulate matter across those years that could have influenced our results. However, averaged over the two-year period, exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) increased the biomarkers associated with airway allergies (IL-5, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G1 and eosinophils). In addition, mice exposed to CAPs 50 m downwind of the roadway had, on the average, greater allergic responses and showed greater indications of inflammation than did mice exposed to CAPs 150 m downwind. This study is consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to CAPs close to a heavily trafficked roadway influenced allergic airway responses.
Inhalation of Concentrated Ambient Particulate Matter near a Heavily Trafficked Road Stimulates Antigen-Induced Airway Responses in Mice
The goal of this study was to test the following hypotheses:(1) exposure to mobile emissions from mobile sources close to a heavily trafficked roadway will exacerbate airway inflammation and allergic airway responses in a sensitized mouse model, and (2) the magnitude of allergic airway disease responses will decrease with increasing distance from the roadway. A particle concentrator and a mobile exposure facility were used to expose ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice to purified air and concentrated fine and concentrated ultrafine ambient particles at 50 m and 150 m downwind from a roadway that was heavily impacted by emissions from heavy duty diesel-powered vehicles. After exposure, we assessed interleukin (IL)-5, IL-13, OVA-specific immunoglobulin E, OVA-specific immunoglobulin G1, and eosinophil influx as biomarkers of allergic responses and numbers of polymorphonuclear leukocytes as a marker of inflammation. The study was performed over a two-year period, and there were differences in the concentrations and compositions of ambient particulate matter across those years that could have influenced our results. However, averaged over the two-year period, exposure to concentrated ambient particles (CAPs) increased the biomarkers associated with airway allergies (IL-5, immunoglobulin E, immunoglobulin G1 and eosinophils). In addition, mice exposed to CAPs 50 m downwind of the roadway had, on the average, greater allergic responses and showed greater indications of inflammation than did mice exposed to CAPs 150 m downwind. This study is consistent with the hypothesis that exposure to CAPs close to a heavily trafficked roadway influenced allergic airway responses.
Inhalation of Concentrated Ambient Particulate Matter near a Heavily Trafficked Road Stimulates Antigen-Induced Airway Responses in Mice
Kleinman, Michael T. (Autor:in) / Hamade, Ali (Autor:in) / Meacher, Dianne (Autor:in) / Oldham, Michael (Autor:in) / Sioutas, Constantinos (Autor:in) / Chakrabarti, Bhabesh (Autor:in) / Stram, Dan (Autor:in) / Froines, John R. (Autor:in) / Cho, Arthur K. (Autor:in)
Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association ; 55 ; 1277-1288
01.09.2005
12 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Unbekannt
Seasonal Analysis of Particulate Matter Concentrations at a Heavily Trafficked Urban Site
| HENRY – Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau (BAW) | 2010
Road trials of high modulus base for heavily trafficked roads
| TIBKAT | 1997
Calming heavily trafficked shopping streets - what is possible?
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1995
Deformation resistant hot rolled asphalt for heavily trafficked roads
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1997
The use of gravel tarmacadam bases in heavily trafficked roads
| TIBKAT | 1969