Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Water conservation potential in educational institutions in developing countries: case study of a university campus in Ghana
This paper presents evidence of the potential for institutional water conservation in a developing country using a university campus in Kumasi, Ghana, as a case study and suggests measures for reducing water demand in institutions. A water end-use survey was conducted using a sample of 144 students from six halls of residence to determine lavatory faucet (tap), showerhead and water closet water-use. The average per capita water use was 115.12 ± 5.33 litres per day at 95% confidence level. Results of the water end-use analysis showed that students use high quantities of water for bathing (61.90 ± 4.06 litres per capita per day at 95% confidence level). There is a potential for reducing the annual water demand by 30.85% through water conservation measures such as retrofitting with water-efficient showerheads and water closets. The payback period for the cost of retrofitting in the current study was found to be 6.5 years.
Water conservation potential in educational institutions in developing countries: case study of a university campus in Ghana
This paper presents evidence of the potential for institutional water conservation in a developing country using a university campus in Kumasi, Ghana, as a case study and suggests measures for reducing water demand in institutions. A water end-use survey was conducted using a sample of 144 students from six halls of residence to determine lavatory faucet (tap), showerhead and water closet water-use. The average per capita water use was 115.12 ± 5.33 litres per day at 95% confidence level. Results of the water end-use analysis showed that students use high quantities of water for bathing (61.90 ± 4.06 litres per capita per day at 95% confidence level). There is a potential for reducing the annual water demand by 30.85% through water conservation measures such as retrofitting with water-efficient showerheads and water closets. The payback period for the cost of retrofitting in the current study was found to be 6.5 years.
Water conservation potential in educational institutions in developing countries: case study of a university campus in Ghana
Oduro-Kwarteng, S. (Autor:in) / Nyarko, K. B. (Autor:in) / Odai, S. N. (Autor:in) / Aboagye-Sarfo, P. (Autor:in)
Urban Water Journal ; 6 ; 449-455
01.12.2009
7 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Unbekannt
| British Library Online Contents | 2009
Sustainable Waste Water Treatment in Developing Countries: A Case Study of IIT Kharagpur Campus
| Springer Verlag | 2017
An alternative housing standard for developing countries : Ghana as a case study
| DSpace@MIT | 1984
Product configuration of photovoltaic systems in developing countries – Case Ghana
| BASE | 2015