Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Microstructure of two-thousand year-old lightweight concrete
The paper presents a historical review of the developments leading to modern cements made by the Greek and Roman civilizations and compares these developments with the developments made independently in Mesoamerica by the Totonacas. This review refers to a lightweight concrete developed 2000 years ago, which was found in Mexico (El Tajin). The nature of the interfacial zone, the microstructure and composition of the mortar phase and the aggregates used was studied. The properties were compared with the properties of a concrete of approximately the same age which was found in Camiros Greece (Camiros concrete). The first 'modern' concrete was developed from Smeaton in 1765 which tested a lot of limes in England and used Dutch tarras, mixed with slaked lime to rebuild the Eddystone Lighthouse. After Smeaton'S work the concrete technology accelerated. The development of concrete in Mesoamerica have not been documented. It is assumed that the Totonacas found the mortar by chance during the production of corn flower. A thins section analysis of the concrete was performed using transmission light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, analysis of the porosity and pore structure. The nature of the aggregate of El Tajin concrete led to the diffusion of the cementitious paste and consequently the near disappearance of the itz. This was probably advantageous in terms of cracking of the slabs constructed apparently without joints. SEM analyses showed that both the El Tajin and the Camiros concrete exhibited microstructure features in the mortar which were very similar. They also revealed that the majority of the material was fully carbonated. From the chemical composition and thermogravimetric data it is concluded that both materials had been made with a cementitious material consisting of Santorian Earth-lime in the case of the Camiros concrete and ground pumice-lime in the case of El Tajin concrete.
Microstructure of two-thousand year-old lightweight concrete
The paper presents a historical review of the developments leading to modern cements made by the Greek and Roman civilizations and compares these developments with the developments made independently in Mesoamerica by the Totonacas. This review refers to a lightweight concrete developed 2000 years ago, which was found in Mexico (El Tajin). The nature of the interfacial zone, the microstructure and composition of the mortar phase and the aggregates used was studied. The properties were compared with the properties of a concrete of approximately the same age which was found in Camiros Greece (Camiros concrete). The first 'modern' concrete was developed from Smeaton in 1765 which tested a lot of limes in England and used Dutch tarras, mixed with slaked lime to rebuild the Eddystone Lighthouse. After Smeaton'S work the concrete technology accelerated. The development of concrete in Mesoamerica have not been documented. It is assumed that the Totonacas found the mortar by chance during the production of corn flower. A thins section analysis of the concrete was performed using transmission light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, analysis of the porosity and pore structure. The nature of the aggregate of El Tajin concrete led to the diffusion of the cementitious paste and consequently the near disappearance of the itz. This was probably advantageous in terms of cracking of the slabs constructed apparently without joints. SEM analyses showed that both the El Tajin and the Camiros concrete exhibited microstructure features in the mortar which were very similar. They also revealed that the majority of the material was fully carbonated. From the chemical composition and thermogravimetric data it is concluded that both materials had been made with a cementitious material consisting of Santorian Earth-lime in the case of the Camiros concrete and ground pumice-lime in the case of El Tajin concrete.
Microstructure of two-thousand year-old lightweight concrete
Mikrostruktur eines zweitausend Jahr alten Leichtbetons
Rivera-Villarreal, R. (Autor:in) / Cabrera, J.G. (Autor:in)
1999
17 Seiten, 10 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 10 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Microstructure of Two-Thousand-Year-Old Lightweight Concrete
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