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Fiber-reinforced polymer composites for construction - State-of-the-art review

Bakis, C.E. / Bank, L.C. / Brown, V.L. / Cosenza, E. / Davalos, J.F. / Lesko, J.J. / Rizkalla, S.H. / Machida, A. / Triantafillou, T.C.

Abstract

A concise state-of -the art survey of fiber-reinforced polymer (also known as fiber-reinforced plastic) composites for construction applications in civil engineering is presented. The paper is organized into separate sections on structural shapes, bridge decks, internal reinforcements, externally bonded reinforcements, and standards and codes. Each section includes a historical review, the current state of the art, and future challenges. Constant cross-sectioned FRP composite structural shapes, also commonly referred to as structural profiles, produced for use in the construction industry for building and bridge superstructure applications are discussed in the first section. Within the field of highway structrures, several new FRP structural systems have been proposed, designed, and experimentally implemented. These include bridge decks for rehabilitation and new construction, concrete filled FRP shells for drivable piles, and wood FRP composite girders. However, bridge decks have received the greatest amount of attention in the past few years, due to therir inherent advantages in strength and stiffness per unit weight as compared to traditional steel reinforced concrete (RC) decks. Non-prestressed and prestressed internal FRP reinforcements for concrete have been under development since as early as the 1960s in the United States, in Europe and Japan. FRP reinforcements have been used primarily in concrete structures requiring improved corrosion resistance or electromagnetic transparency. Due to the aging of infrastructure and the need for upgrading to meet more stringent design requirements, structural repair and strengthening have received considerable emphasis. The use of advanced composites as external reinforcement of concrete and other structures has progressed well in the past decade in selective applications where their cost disadvantage is outweighed by a number of benefits.