Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Ultrafiltration after coagulation/flocculation process to obtain potable water
This study has as objective the utilization of the coagulation/flocculation process, with chitosan, followed of ultrafiltration, in ceramic tubular membrane module, to obtain potable water. Coagulation/flocculation experiments were carried out in jar test, using 1% chitosan solution in beakers containing 200mL of superficial water. The parameters chitosan concentration ([C]), pH, gradient of rapid mixing (GRM), time of coagulation (TC), gradient of slow mixing (GSM) and the time of flocculation (TF) were varied in order to find out the best coagulation/flocculation process condition. This best operation condition was found from the results of removal of color, turbidity and organic compounds (UV-254nm), according to standard methods. The coagulated/flocculated water using the best operation conditions was submitted to filtration in the tangential micro-ultrafiltration module (NETZSCH), with a ceramic tubular membrane with a porosity of 0.05 micron. The flux and permeate quality (color, turbidity and organic compounds) were evaluated. The treated water using coagulation/flocculation/ultrafiltration presented 100% removal for the color, turbidity, organic compounds, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, nitrate and phosphate. The removal of TOC, ammonium, nitrate and iron were 75, 42, 93 and 97% respectively. The final values of these parameters were within the limits specified by current legislation in Brazil. In this way, the results obtained combining the coagulation/flocculation processes using chitosan with membranes process show to be a promising alternative to obtain potable water.
Ultrafiltration after coagulation/flocculation process to obtain potable water
This study has as objective the utilization of the coagulation/flocculation process, with chitosan, followed of ultrafiltration, in ceramic tubular membrane module, to obtain potable water. Coagulation/flocculation experiments were carried out in jar test, using 1% chitosan solution in beakers containing 200mL of superficial water. The parameters chitosan concentration ([C]), pH, gradient of rapid mixing (GRM), time of coagulation (TC), gradient of slow mixing (GSM) and the time of flocculation (TF) were varied in order to find out the best coagulation/flocculation process condition. This best operation condition was found from the results of removal of color, turbidity and organic compounds (UV-254nm), according to standard methods. The coagulated/flocculated water using the best operation conditions was submitted to filtration in the tangential micro-ultrafiltration module (NETZSCH), with a ceramic tubular membrane with a porosity of 0.05 micron. The flux and permeate quality (color, turbidity and organic compounds) were evaluated. The treated water using coagulation/flocculation/ultrafiltration presented 100% removal for the color, turbidity, organic compounds, total coliforms, Escherichia coli, nitrate and phosphate. The removal of TOC, ammonium, nitrate and iron were 75, 42, 93 and 97% respectively. The final values of these parameters were within the limits specified by current legislation in Brazil. In this way, the results obtained combining the coagulation/flocculation processes using chitosan with membranes process show to be a promising alternative to obtain potable water.
Ultrafiltration after coagulation/flocculation process to obtain potable water
Ultrafiltration nach dem Koagulations-/Flockungsprozess zur Gewinnung von Trinkwasser
Konradt Moraes, Leila Cristina (Autor:in) / Bergamasco, Rosangela (Autor:in) / Granhem Tavares, Celia Regina (Autor:in) / Gimenes, Marcelino L. (Autor:in)
2007
8 Seiten, 1 Bild, 2 Tabellen, 37 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Ultrafiltration , Koagulation , Ausflocken , Trinkwasser , Membran , Keramik , Experiment , pH-Wert , Mischen , Betriebsbedingung , organische Verbindung , Porosität , Trübung , Bakterien , Nitrat , Phosphat , Ammonium
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Wiley | 1983
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