Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Nano-enhanced reverse osmosis membranes
The beneficial impact of the NEMs discussed in this review is beyond question. NEMs for the production of drinking water from seawater become cost-effective by reducing the energy demand through an increased flux. NEMs antifouling membranes could lead to cost savings in industry due to a decreased energy demand and reduced need of chemicals for cleaning; a reduction of cleaning agents and energy demand will also have a positive impact on the environment. The technologies at the basis of NEMs (Inorganic NEMs, TFNs, Bio-inspired NEMs) clearly have their own merits. To evaluate the impact of a given membrane technology, two categories should be considered: performance enhancement, which relates to permeability, selectivity, and robustness, and commercial viability, which relates to material cost, scalability, and compatibility with existing manufacturing infrastructure. M. T. Pendergast and E. M. V. Hoek proposed an overall ranking plotting performance enhancement against commercial viability. The ideal technology offers both revolutionary performance enhancements and is already commercially available (upper right quadrant). At this moment, none of the membrane nanotechnologies fell in the upper right zone of the graph, but this could change rapidly over time: the scale-up issues can be resolved if the performance enhancements promised by these materials prove practically achievable.
Nano-enhanced reverse osmosis membranes
The beneficial impact of the NEMs discussed in this review is beyond question. NEMs for the production of drinking water from seawater become cost-effective by reducing the energy demand through an increased flux. NEMs antifouling membranes could lead to cost savings in industry due to a decreased energy demand and reduced need of chemicals for cleaning; a reduction of cleaning agents and energy demand will also have a positive impact on the environment. The technologies at the basis of NEMs (Inorganic NEMs, TFNs, Bio-inspired NEMs) clearly have their own merits. To evaluate the impact of a given membrane technology, two categories should be considered: performance enhancement, which relates to permeability, selectivity, and robustness, and commercial viability, which relates to material cost, scalability, and compatibility with existing manufacturing infrastructure. M. T. Pendergast and E. M. V. Hoek proposed an overall ranking plotting performance enhancement against commercial viability. The ideal technology offers both revolutionary performance enhancements and is already commercially available (upper right quadrant). At this moment, none of the membrane nanotechnologies fell in the upper right zone of the graph, but this could change rapidly over time: the scale-up issues can be resolved if the performance enhancements promised by these materials prove practically achievable.
Nano-enhanced reverse osmosis membranes
Buonomenna, M.G. (Autor:in)
Desalination ; 314 ; 73-88
2013
16 Seiten, 17 Bilder, 2 Tabellen, 131 Quellen
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Englisch
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