Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Calcium carbonat scaling in solar domestic hot water systems
The building up of scale insite the portable water pipes in active solar domestic hot water (SDHW) systems located in regions with hard water has caused numerous problems, including disastrous collector freezing in open-loop systems. In order to understand the key variables involved and evaluate solutions, the scaling process has been modeled and applied to SDHW systems in a southwest climate with hard water. The model is structured in three steps: 1. collector temperatur simulation; 2. equilibrium chemistry solution and 3. crystallization rate model. The model predicts that destructive scale build up rates of as much as 0.5 cm/year for very hard water will occur in hot, sunny climates with hard water, consistent with field reports. For this extreme case, the collector of a recirculation system or the heat exchanger of a drainback system would be totally plugged with scale in less than a year. Design guidlines deduced for open-loop systems include: avoid oversizing the collectors, undersizing the tank or installing a one-tank system. Lastly, general prevention measures are discussed.
Calcium carbonat scaling in solar domestic hot water systems
The building up of scale insite the portable water pipes in active solar domestic hot water (SDHW) systems located in regions with hard water has caused numerous problems, including disastrous collector freezing in open-loop systems. In order to understand the key variables involved and evaluate solutions, the scaling process has been modeled and applied to SDHW systems in a southwest climate with hard water. The model is structured in three steps: 1. collector temperatur simulation; 2. equilibrium chemistry solution and 3. crystallization rate model. The model predicts that destructive scale build up rates of as much as 0.5 cm/year for very hard water will occur in hot, sunny climates with hard water, consistent with field reports. For this extreme case, the collector of a recirculation system or the heat exchanger of a drainback system would be totally plugged with scale in less than a year. Design guidlines deduced for open-loop systems include: avoid oversizing the collectors, undersizing the tank or installing a one-tank system. Lastly, general prevention measures are discussed.
Calcium carbonat scaling in solar domestic hot water systems
Das Abblättern von Kalziumkarbonat in den Rohrleitungen der Haushalts-Sonnenkollektoren-Warmwasserbereitung
Burch, J. (Autor:in) / Egrican, N. (Autor:in) / Carlisle, N. (Autor:in)
1990
6 Seiten, 8 Bilder, 15 Quellen
Aufsatz (Konferenz)
Englisch
Carbonat quantification and identification of impurities in fillers by mineralogical test methods
| Online Contents | 2002
Figure of merit for solar domestic hot water systems
| British Library Online Contents | 2015