Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Reducing cancer risks by improving organic carbon removal
A computer simulation methodology evaluated the risk‐reduction benefits of improving organic carbon removal prior to chlorination.
A computer simulation methodology is described that examines on a case‐specific basis the effect of water quality on the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and their associated theoretical cancer risks. The strategy of controlling organic carbon concentrations at the point of chlorination was evaluated for its ability to reduce predicted cancer incidence. In waters containing bromide, the absolute concentrations of the more brominated THMs can increase as organic carbon concentration is reduced at the point of chlorination; total theoretical cancer risks induced by THMs, however, decreased for all water qualities considered. Reduction of THM‐induced cancer risks by enhanced coagulation, granular activated carbon adsorption, and membrane filtration increased as the source water bromide concentration increased. When risks induced by haloacetic acids are considered, these technologies may achieve significantly greater levels of risk reduction than are estimated by considering THM risks only.
Reducing cancer risks by improving organic carbon removal
A computer simulation methodology evaluated the risk‐reduction benefits of improving organic carbon removal prior to chlorination.
A computer simulation methodology is described that examines on a case‐specific basis the effect of water quality on the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) and their associated theoretical cancer risks. The strategy of controlling organic carbon concentrations at the point of chlorination was evaluated for its ability to reduce predicted cancer incidence. In waters containing bromide, the absolute concentrations of the more brominated THMs can increase as organic carbon concentration is reduced at the point of chlorination; total theoretical cancer risks induced by THMs, however, decreased for all water qualities considered. Reduction of THM‐induced cancer risks by enhanced coagulation, granular activated carbon adsorption, and membrane filtration increased as the source water bromide concentration increased. When risks induced by haloacetic acids are considered, these technologies may achieve significantly greater levels of risk reduction than are estimated by considering THM risks only.
Reducing cancer risks by improving organic carbon removal
Black, Bryan D. (Autor:in) / Harrington, Gregory W. (Autor:in) / Singer, Philip C. (Autor:in)
Journal ‐ American Water Works Association ; 88 ; 40-52
01.06.1996
13 pages
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch
Impact of Organic Carbon Removal on Cancer Risks Posed by Drinking Water Chlorination
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1994
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2002
Digital mapping: reducing your risks
British Library Online Contents | 2009
Water levels in the Echten polder: improving agriculture and reducing land subsidence risks
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2002
Reducing risks, making buildings safer
British Library Online Contents | 2009