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Quantitative Photoelectrochemical Conversion of Ammonium to Dinitrogen Using a Bromide-Mediated Redox Cycle
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-9118
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-7687
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-9386
Bromide ion (Br–) can be oxidized to reactive bromine species (RBS; Br•, Br2 •–, and HOBr/OBr–) which can serve as an effective alternative to chlorine disinfectant. This study investigated the generation of RBS in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system using an electrochromic TiO2 nanotube arrays (Blue-TNTs) electrode under UV light (λ > 320 nm) and demonstrated the effect of RBS on the direct conversion of ammonium (NH4 +) to dinitrogen (N2) with near 100% efficiency. The PEC system utilizing in situ generated RBS not only removed NH4 + more efficiently than photocatalytic (PC) and electrochemical (EC) systems but also prevented the generation of unwanted products (i.e., NO2 – and NO3 –). In addition, compared with the PEC-Cl system, the PEC-Br system exhibited a superior ammonium removal efficiency (16% vs 95% for 120 min of reaction; under air-equilibrated condition). The PEC system also showed higher NH4 + removal efficiency and lower energy consumption when compared to an EC system (using a boron-doped diamond electrode). While bromate ions (BrO3 –) are produced as a toxic byproduct of bromide oxidation in a typical ozonation system, the Blue-TNTs PEC-Br system fully hinders the bromate formation as long as ammonium is present in the solution because RBS rapidly reacts with NH4 + with little chance of further oxidation to bromate.
Quantitative Photoelectrochemical Conversion of Ammonium to Dinitrogen Using a Bromide-Mediated Redox Cycle
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-9118
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-7687
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-9386
Bromide ion (Br–) can be oxidized to reactive bromine species (RBS; Br•, Br2 •–, and HOBr/OBr–) which can serve as an effective alternative to chlorine disinfectant. This study investigated the generation of RBS in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system using an electrochromic TiO2 nanotube arrays (Blue-TNTs) electrode under UV light (λ > 320 nm) and demonstrated the effect of RBS on the direct conversion of ammonium (NH4 +) to dinitrogen (N2) with near 100% efficiency. The PEC system utilizing in situ generated RBS not only removed NH4 + more efficiently than photocatalytic (PC) and electrochemical (EC) systems but also prevented the generation of unwanted products (i.e., NO2 – and NO3 –). In addition, compared with the PEC-Cl system, the PEC-Br system exhibited a superior ammonium removal efficiency (16% vs 95% for 120 min of reaction; under air-equilibrated condition). The PEC system also showed higher NH4 + removal efficiency and lower energy consumption when compared to an EC system (using a boron-doped diamond electrode). While bromate ions (BrO3 –) are produced as a toxic byproduct of bromide oxidation in a typical ozonation system, the Blue-TNTs PEC-Br system fully hinders the bromate formation as long as ammonium is present in the solution because RBS rapidly reacts with NH4 + with little chance of further oxidation to bromate.
Quantitative Photoelectrochemical Conversion of Ammonium to Dinitrogen Using a Bromide-Mediated Redox Cycle
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6651-9118
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-7687
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1801-9386
Bromide ion (Br–) can be oxidized to reactive bromine species (RBS; Br•, Br2 •–, and HOBr/OBr–) which can serve as an effective alternative to chlorine disinfectant. This study investigated the generation of RBS in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) system using an electrochromic TiO2 nanotube arrays (Blue-TNTs) electrode under UV light (λ > 320 nm) and demonstrated the effect of RBS on the direct conversion of ammonium (NH4 +) to dinitrogen (N2) with near 100% efficiency. The PEC system utilizing in situ generated RBS not only removed NH4 + more efficiently than photocatalytic (PC) and electrochemical (EC) systems but also prevented the generation of unwanted products (i.e., NO2 – and NO3 –). In addition, compared with the PEC-Cl system, the PEC-Br system exhibited a superior ammonium removal efficiency (16% vs 95% for 120 min of reaction; under air-equilibrated condition). The PEC system also showed higher NH4 + removal efficiency and lower energy consumption when compared to an EC system (using a boron-doped diamond electrode). While bromate ions (BrO3 –) are produced as a toxic byproduct of bromide oxidation in a typical ozonation system, the Blue-TNTs PEC-Br system fully hinders the bromate formation as long as ammonium is present in the solution because RBS rapidly reacts with NH4 + with little chance of further oxidation to bromate.
Quantitative Photoelectrochemical Conversion of Ammonium to Dinitrogen Using a Bromide-Mediated Redox Cycle
Koo, Min Seok (author) / Han, Seungmok (author) / Cho, Kangwoo (author) / Choi, Wonyong (author)
ACS ES&T Engineering ; 1 ; 1287-1297
2021-09-10
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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