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Factors Influencing Concentrations of PFAS in Drinking Water: Implications for Human Exposure
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3186-3338
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-6075
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-182X
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4650-0564
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3928
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in consumer and industrial products but have subsequently raised concerns about their toxicity. To evaluate factors influencing PFAS concentrations in drinking water and to estimate human exposure, ten PFAS were measured in tap water from the UK and China, also bottled water originating from 15 different countries. In this study, perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) were the most frequently detected (>99%) and dominated in global bottled water, with other PFAS also highly detected (67%–93%). ∑10PFAS concentrations differed significantly in natural mineral vs purified, but not in glass vs plastic and still vs sparkling bottled water. ∑10PFAS concentrations in Chinese tap water (9.2 ng/L) exceeded significantly those in UK tap water (2.7 ng/L). Except for PFOS in Chinese tap water, related target PFAS concentrations in all water samples were well below the reference values. High detection rates of target PFAS in both tap and bottled water highlight necessary for monitoring a wide range of PFAS. Estimated human exposure of target PFAS via drinking water does not appear serious human health risk. Interestingly, boiling and activated carbon filtration can reduce substantially (50%–90%) concentrations of PFAS in water.
New insights into factors influencing PFAS in tap water and bottled water around the world provides better understanding and raises concern about human exposure to PFAS via drinking water.
Factors Influencing Concentrations of PFAS in Drinking Water: Implications for Human Exposure
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3186-3338
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-6075
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-182X
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4650-0564
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3928
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in consumer and industrial products but have subsequently raised concerns about their toxicity. To evaluate factors influencing PFAS concentrations in drinking water and to estimate human exposure, ten PFAS were measured in tap water from the UK and China, also bottled water originating from 15 different countries. In this study, perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) were the most frequently detected (>99%) and dominated in global bottled water, with other PFAS also highly detected (67%–93%). ∑10PFAS concentrations differed significantly in natural mineral vs purified, but not in glass vs plastic and still vs sparkling bottled water. ∑10PFAS concentrations in Chinese tap water (9.2 ng/L) exceeded significantly those in UK tap water (2.7 ng/L). Except for PFOS in Chinese tap water, related target PFAS concentrations in all water samples were well below the reference values. High detection rates of target PFAS in both tap and bottled water highlight necessary for monitoring a wide range of PFAS. Estimated human exposure of target PFAS via drinking water does not appear serious human health risk. Interestingly, boiling and activated carbon filtration can reduce substantially (50%–90%) concentrations of PFAS in water.
New insights into factors influencing PFAS in tap water and bottled water around the world provides better understanding and raises concern about human exposure to PFAS via drinking water.
Factors Influencing Concentrations of PFAS in Drinking Water: Implications for Human Exposure
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3186-3338
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-6075
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8442-182X
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4650-0564
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9961-3928
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in consumer and industrial products but have subsequently raised concerns about their toxicity. To evaluate factors influencing PFAS concentrations in drinking water and to estimate human exposure, ten PFAS were measured in tap water from the UK and China, also bottled water originating from 15 different countries. In this study, perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) were the most frequently detected (>99%) and dominated in global bottled water, with other PFAS also highly detected (67%–93%). ∑10PFAS concentrations differed significantly in natural mineral vs purified, but not in glass vs plastic and still vs sparkling bottled water. ∑10PFAS concentrations in Chinese tap water (9.2 ng/L) exceeded significantly those in UK tap water (2.7 ng/L). Except for PFOS in Chinese tap water, related target PFAS concentrations in all water samples were well below the reference values. High detection rates of target PFAS in both tap and bottled water highlight necessary for monitoring a wide range of PFAS. Estimated human exposure of target PFAS via drinking water does not appear serious human health risk. Interestingly, boiling and activated carbon filtration can reduce substantially (50%–90%) concentrations of PFAS in water.
New insights into factors influencing PFAS in tap water and bottled water around the world provides better understanding and raises concern about human exposure to PFAS via drinking water.
Factors Influencing Concentrations of PFAS in Drinking Water: Implications for Human Exposure
Gao, Chuanzi (author) / Drage, Daniel Simon (author) / Abdallah, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa (author) / Quan, Feng (author) / Zhang, Kun (author) / Hu, Shiyao (author) / Zhao, Xue (author) / Zheng, Yi (author) / Harrad, Stuart (author) / Qiu, Wenhui (author)
ACS ES&T Water ; 4 ; 4881-4892
2024-11-08
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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