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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Evaluation of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading Procedures for Interbedded Deposits: Çark Canal in the 1999 M7.5 Kocaeli Earthquake
This paper presents results of one-dimensional (1-D) liquefaction vulnerability index (LVI) analyses and two-dimensional (2-D) nonlinear deformation analyses (NDAs) of a potential lateral spreading site adjacent to a channelized segment of the meandering Çark River in Adapazari, Turkey, during the 1999 M7.5 Kocaeli earthquake. The site is underlain by fluvial deposits of clayey fine-grained sediments interlayered with potentially liquefiable sandy sediments. No lateral spreading damage was observed at the site after the Kocaeli earthquake despite an estimated peak ground acceleration (PGA) around 0.4 g. Current liquefaction triggering and lateral spreading analyses predict significant lateral displacements; results obtained with a multilinear regression model were presented by others and results obtained with LVI methods are presented herein. Additional LVI analyses were performed to consider the effects of transition and thin-layer corrections, different criteria for distinguishing between sand-like and clay-like soils, and site-specific fines content estimation. NDAs with stochastic realizations of interlayered sand and clay stratigraphy estimated from available CPT data were performed to assess the impact of accounting for 2-D site geometry, spatial variability in stratigraphy, and dynamic response. The realizations were produced using a transition probability geostatistical approach, and representative soil properties were selected by statistical examination of the properties estimated from the CPT data. Descriptions of the methods used for the LVIs and NDAs are included and the computed lateral displacements are compared to field observations. Lateral displacements from all LVI analyses are significant, while those from the NDAs are sufficiently small to be generally consistent with the absence of observable damage at the site. These comparisons illustrate that a realistic representation of the site and the dynamic loading conditions beyond what is accounted for by LVI methods can be important for evaluating potential lateral spreading in these types of interlayered sand and clay deposits.
Evaluation of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading Procedures for Interbedded Deposits: Çark Canal in the 1999 M7.5 Kocaeli Earthquake
This paper presents results of one-dimensional (1-D) liquefaction vulnerability index (LVI) analyses and two-dimensional (2-D) nonlinear deformation analyses (NDAs) of a potential lateral spreading site adjacent to a channelized segment of the meandering Çark River in Adapazari, Turkey, during the 1999 M7.5 Kocaeli earthquake. The site is underlain by fluvial deposits of clayey fine-grained sediments interlayered with potentially liquefiable sandy sediments. No lateral spreading damage was observed at the site after the Kocaeli earthquake despite an estimated peak ground acceleration (PGA) around 0.4 g. Current liquefaction triggering and lateral spreading analyses predict significant lateral displacements; results obtained with a multilinear regression model were presented by others and results obtained with LVI methods are presented herein. Additional LVI analyses were performed to consider the effects of transition and thin-layer corrections, different criteria for distinguishing between sand-like and clay-like soils, and site-specific fines content estimation. NDAs with stochastic realizations of interlayered sand and clay stratigraphy estimated from available CPT data were performed to assess the impact of accounting for 2-D site geometry, spatial variability in stratigraphy, and dynamic response. The realizations were produced using a transition probability geostatistical approach, and representative soil properties were selected by statistical examination of the properties estimated from the CPT data. Descriptions of the methods used for the LVIs and NDAs are included and the computed lateral displacements are compared to field observations. Lateral displacements from all LVI analyses are significant, while those from the NDAs are sufficiently small to be generally consistent with the absence of observable damage at the site. These comparisons illustrate that a realistic representation of the site and the dynamic loading conditions beyond what is accounted for by LVI methods can be important for evaluating potential lateral spreading in these types of interlayered sand and clay deposits.
Evaluation of Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading Procedures for Interbedded Deposits: Çark Canal in the 1999 M7.5 Kocaeli Earthquake
Munter, Sean K. (author) / Boulanger, Ross W. (author) / Krage, Christopher P. (author) / DeJong, Jason T. (author)
Geotechnical Frontiers 2017 ; 2017 ; Orlando, Florida
Geotechnical Frontiers 2017 ; 254-266
2017-03-30
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2017
Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading at Izmit Bay During the Kocaeli (Izmit)-Turkey Earthquake
| British Library Online Contents | 2004
Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading at Izmit Bay During the Kocaeli (Izmit)-Turkey Earthquake
| Online Contents | 2004