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Characterization of Bed Stresses near Quay Walls Due to Ship Thruster and Propeller Wash
On the majority of navigable waterways around the world, maximum ship vessel size is dictated by the size of the vessel that can be accommodated by depth limitations within access water bodies and port dimensions. For example, in the Americas, vessel dimensions are limited so that the ships may fit through the Panama Canal’s locks. These ships are known as “Panamax” vessels. In southeast Asia, maximum vessel dimensions are governed by the depth of the Strait of Malacca and hence are appropriately dubbed “Malaccamax” ships. In light of this, one of the design considerations for these restricted water ways and ports is potential soil erosion/scour near critical infrastructure due to main propeller or bow/stern thruster wash. The World Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure (formerly the Permanent International Association of Navigation Congress or PIANC) has published guidelines for designing scour protection for quay walls and revetments subjected to propeller and thruster wash mostly through the utilization of empirical formulations derived from physical modeling and field studies. While these guidelines are a constructive starting point for scour protection, in the future it is expected that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models will be employed to more accurately estimate bed stresses for which the bed protection can be designed. In this study, several CFD simulations were prepared to investigate combined thruster and propeller flow around a representative berthed Malaccamax vessel using Siemens’ Star-CCM+. Results showed that bed stresses induced by the thruster close to the quay wall can exceed order 300 Pa and the highest bed shear stresses are caused by vortices associated with overcoming the inertia of the stagnant water near both the propellers and thrusters.
Characterization of Bed Stresses near Quay Walls Due to Ship Thruster and Propeller Wash
On the majority of navigable waterways around the world, maximum ship vessel size is dictated by the size of the vessel that can be accommodated by depth limitations within access water bodies and port dimensions. For example, in the Americas, vessel dimensions are limited so that the ships may fit through the Panama Canal’s locks. These ships are known as “Panamax” vessels. In southeast Asia, maximum vessel dimensions are governed by the depth of the Strait of Malacca and hence are appropriately dubbed “Malaccamax” ships. In light of this, one of the design considerations for these restricted water ways and ports is potential soil erosion/scour near critical infrastructure due to main propeller or bow/stern thruster wash. The World Association for Waterborne Transport Infrastructure (formerly the Permanent International Association of Navigation Congress or PIANC) has published guidelines for designing scour protection for quay walls and revetments subjected to propeller and thruster wash mostly through the utilization of empirical formulations derived from physical modeling and field studies. While these guidelines are a constructive starting point for scour protection, in the future it is expected that computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models will be employed to more accurately estimate bed stresses for which the bed protection can be designed. In this study, several CFD simulations were prepared to investigate combined thruster and propeller flow around a representative berthed Malaccamax vessel using Siemens’ Star-CCM+. Results showed that bed stresses induced by the thruster close to the quay wall can exceed order 300 Pa and the highest bed shear stresses are caused by vortices associated with overcoming the inertia of the stagnant water near both the propellers and thrusters.
Characterization of Bed Stresses near Quay Walls Due to Ship Thruster and Propeller Wash
Crowley, Raphael (author) / Bloomquist, David (author) / Sande, Stefan van de (author) / Lescinski, Jamie (author)
Geo-Congress 2020 ; 2020 ; Minneapolis, Minnesota
Geo-Congress 2020 ; 788-797
2020-02-21
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
Characterization of Bed Stresses near Quay Walls Due to Ship Thruster and Propeller Wash
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