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Determining the In Situ State of Coal Combustion Residuals Using Cone Penetration Testing
Coal Combustions Residuals (CCRs) are generally non-plastic sand- and silt-sized materials that are often found in a loose, saturated state and can be susceptible to significant loss of strength or stiffness. Measuring the in situ state is a way to quantify this susceptibility. Recreating in situ conditions in the laboratory is challenging due to the state changes that occur between field sampling and sample setup in the laboratory. Geotechnical practice has thus evolved to use Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) to estimate in situ state. Detailed closure design of CCR impoundments requires more than simple screening-level approaches for estimating in situ state. This paper describes a critical state-based approach to estimating the in situ state from CPT data. CCR properties are first estimated from advanced laboratory testing. A summary and discussion of these properties from various CCR impoundments is presented. Next, a CPT calibration chamber test was simulated numerically. These simulations used a cavity expansion model and NorSand, a critical state-based constitutive model typically used for sand- and silt-sized materials. Results from these simulations provided a correlation between the CPT response and in situ state. The in situ state parameter was then estimated using actual CPT data. The results from the CPT were compared with results from relatively undisturbed samples within the pond, and with results from screening-level approaches.
Determining the In Situ State of Coal Combustion Residuals Using Cone Penetration Testing
Coal Combustions Residuals (CCRs) are generally non-plastic sand- and silt-sized materials that are often found in a loose, saturated state and can be susceptible to significant loss of strength or stiffness. Measuring the in situ state is a way to quantify this susceptibility. Recreating in situ conditions in the laboratory is challenging due to the state changes that occur between field sampling and sample setup in the laboratory. Geotechnical practice has thus evolved to use Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) to estimate in situ state. Detailed closure design of CCR impoundments requires more than simple screening-level approaches for estimating in situ state. This paper describes a critical state-based approach to estimating the in situ state from CPT data. CCR properties are first estimated from advanced laboratory testing. A summary and discussion of these properties from various CCR impoundments is presented. Next, a CPT calibration chamber test was simulated numerically. These simulations used a cavity expansion model and NorSand, a critical state-based constitutive model typically used for sand- and silt-sized materials. Results from these simulations provided a correlation between the CPT response and in situ state. The in situ state parameter was then estimated using actual CPT data. The results from the CPT were compared with results from relatively undisturbed samples within the pond, and with results from screening-level approaches.
Determining the In Situ State of Coal Combustion Residuals Using Cone Penetration Testing
Jin, Longde (author) / Fuggle, Andrew (author) / Armstrong, Christian P. (author)
Geo-Congress 2022 ; 2022 ; Charlotte, North Carolina
Geo-Congress 2022 ; 463-473
2022-03-17
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
Determining the In Situ State of Coal Combustion Residuals Using Cone Penetration Testing
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