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Dam Breach Flood Inundation Modeling for Aripir Dam, Sindh, Pakistan
Small dams provide water storage, flood protection, and ground water recharge for water scarce countries like Pakistan. However, damming up water may pose some risks to population dwelling downstream the dam. Hence, it is vital to study the impact of dam failure beforehand. Different types of physical and numerical modeling are used for it. The availability of high end computers, digital elevation models, topographic survey data, and multi-dimensional (1D, 2D, and 3D) numerical solvers have enabled water resource professionals to perform hydrological and hydraulic modeling efficiently and accurately. In this study, a two-dimensional unsteady flow modeling was performed using HEC-RAS for Aripir Dam, a small recharge dam to be constructed in Lower Kohistan, arid region of Sindh. Hydrograph of 100-year return flood period was produced through hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS. Dam overtopping and piping breach were modeled. Four cases (i) no breach (flood peak routing spillway operational); (ii) dam break with piping breach; (iii) rainy day dam break; and (iv) sunny day dam break were modeled. In overtopping cases, breach parameters were calculated using MacDonald method. Piping breach modeled in Case (ii) triggers as reservoir level reaches HFL of Case (iv). Flood propagation transects were digitized after analyzing 1-h flood extents of Case (i) and Case (iii). Different results including maximum flood inundation maps, flood propagation maps, population at risk maps, and depth × velocity map to identify hazardous and life-threatening zones were produced. Model also predicted breach hydrograph for each case: (i) 11,665 cfs; (ii) 18,536 cfs; (iii) 24,154 cfs; and (iv) 17,642 cfs. Rainy day breach Case (iii) is predicted to be the most disastrous event.
Dam Breach Flood Inundation Modeling for Aripir Dam, Sindh, Pakistan
Small dams provide water storage, flood protection, and ground water recharge for water scarce countries like Pakistan. However, damming up water may pose some risks to population dwelling downstream the dam. Hence, it is vital to study the impact of dam failure beforehand. Different types of physical and numerical modeling are used for it. The availability of high end computers, digital elevation models, topographic survey data, and multi-dimensional (1D, 2D, and 3D) numerical solvers have enabled water resource professionals to perform hydrological and hydraulic modeling efficiently and accurately. In this study, a two-dimensional unsteady flow modeling was performed using HEC-RAS for Aripir Dam, a small recharge dam to be constructed in Lower Kohistan, arid region of Sindh. Hydrograph of 100-year return flood period was produced through hydrological modeling using HEC-HMS. Dam overtopping and piping breach were modeled. Four cases (i) no breach (flood peak routing spillway operational); (ii) dam break with piping breach; (iii) rainy day dam break; and (iv) sunny day dam break were modeled. In overtopping cases, breach parameters were calculated using MacDonald method. Piping breach modeled in Case (ii) triggers as reservoir level reaches HFL of Case (iv). Flood propagation transects were digitized after analyzing 1-h flood extents of Case (i) and Case (iii). Different results including maximum flood inundation maps, flood propagation maps, population at risk maps, and depth × velocity map to identify hazardous and life-threatening zones were produced. Model also predicted breach hydrograph for each case: (i) 11,665 cfs; (ii) 18,536 cfs; (iii) 24,154 cfs; and (iv) 17,642 cfs. Rainy day breach Case (iii) is predicted to be the most disastrous event.
Dam Breach Flood Inundation Modeling for Aripir Dam, Sindh, Pakistan
Khero, Zarif (author) / Naeem, Babar (author) / Samoo, Ibrahim (author)
World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2021 ; 2021 ; Virtual Conference
2021-06-03
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
| DataCite | 2020