A Phenomenological Breakage Model for Crushable Sand: Fid-Bau Portal

A Phenomenological Breakage Model for Crushable Sand

Saqib, Mohd / Das, Arghya / Patra, Nihar Ranjan

The crushing of granular materials has a considerable impact on its engineering behavior. Simple anisotropic sand, SANISAND (SS) is a well-accepted model to simulate the response of sands. The main attribute of the SS04 model is the fabric aspect that can realistically capture the increased-pore water pressure upon stress reversal and with the same set of calibration constants, the model can predict the sand behavior at variable relative densities and confining pressures. One of the limitations of the SS04 model is an open-wedge yield surface that cannot predict plastic deformations in isotropic conditions worked by SS08. Both these models cannot predict the response of breakage. In the present study, two different versions of SANISAND constitutive models (SS04 and SS08) are modified and compared to quantify the particle breakage within the critical state context and bounding surface plasticity. The critical feature of modified models is to enhance the SANISAND model by incorporating the change in the critical state line (CSL) in the constitutive formulation to capture soil fabric evolution induced by monotonic loading. Proposed models mimic the experimentally observed responses of soils subjected to monotonic loading conditions, with reasonable accuracy. However, the amount of breakage accumulated in modified SS04 is significantly less than the modified SS08 model, for a fixed amount of strain. A final comparison of the modified models indicates that the breakage simulation feature of the proposed modified version of SS08 is better than the modified SS04.