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Nano-Zero-Valent Iron: An Emerging Technology for Contaminated Site Remediation
Soil contamination is by definition a very complex and expensive problem to solve, because a three-phase medium is contaminated by chemicals, commonly as mixtures, which not only interact together but also with each phase of the soil concurrently. Although pump-and-treat, monitored natural attenuation, and vertical engineered barriers are the most frequently applied groundwater treatment technologies for contaminated sites, new remediation technologies have appeared as emerging trends. The most promising among them is nanoremediation, a technology based on the injection of nanoparticles (NPs) into contaminated aquifers for transformation and detoxification of pollutants. The most widely NPs among them is nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), which may be used for organic or inorganic contaminants such as heavy metals and especially hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The present study aims at reviewing the current knowledge on Cr(VI) remediation by nZVI, focusing on the mechanisms by which Cr(VI) is treated by nZVI, the fate and transport of these NPs in the subsurface, the modifications of nZVI, and the removal efficiency that have been published. Finally, the potential toxicity created after the injection of nZVI particles in aquifers is also discussed.
Nano-Zero-Valent Iron: An Emerging Technology for Contaminated Site Remediation
Soil contamination is by definition a very complex and expensive problem to solve, because a three-phase medium is contaminated by chemicals, commonly as mixtures, which not only interact together but also with each phase of the soil concurrently. Although pump-and-treat, monitored natural attenuation, and vertical engineered barriers are the most frequently applied groundwater treatment technologies for contaminated sites, new remediation technologies have appeared as emerging trends. The most promising among them is nanoremediation, a technology based on the injection of nanoparticles (NPs) into contaminated aquifers for transformation and detoxification of pollutants. The most widely NPs among them is nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), which may be used for organic or inorganic contaminants such as heavy metals and especially hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). The present study aims at reviewing the current knowledge on Cr(VI) remediation by nZVI, focusing on the mechanisms by which Cr(VI) is treated by nZVI, the fate and transport of these NPs in the subsurface, the modifications of nZVI, and the removal efficiency that have been published. Finally, the potential toxicity created after the injection of nZVI particles in aquifers is also discussed.
Nano-Zero-Valent Iron: An Emerging Technology for Contaminated Site Remediation
Mpouras, Thanasis (author) / Panagiotakis, Iraklis (author) / Dermatas, Dimitris (author) / Chrysochoou, Maria (author)
Geo-Congress 2014 ; 2014 ; Atlanta, Georgia
Geo-Congress 2014 Technical Papers ; 2206-2215
2014-02-24
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
Nano-Zero Valent Iron: An Emerging Technology for Contaminated Site Remediation
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