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Mine Spoil Modulus Improvement using Compaction Grouting on a Large Scale
A compaction grouting program was used to improve the in-situ characteristics of spoil soil and rock materials supporting coal preparation plant equipment. The site overlies an area previously strip mined to a depth of nearly 49 m (160 ft). The overburden materials above the coal seam had been randomly re-deposited, creating a heterogeneous matrix of soil and rock with the finer material at the bottom of the mine spoil profile. Prior to completion of project backfilling at the tunnels, settlement in excess of the predicted maximum occurred. Deep foundation options were considered to arrest settlement and prevent additional movement; however, due to constructability concerns, compaction grouting was selected as a more economical technology to improve the properties of the foundation soils and mitigate structure settlement. A conceptual grouting program was developed and a test section was grouted to validate the process, materials and methods. The test section established the operational parameters for production, including grout mix design, spacing, inclination and depth of grout holes, grouting pressures and limits for volume, pressure, and ground or structure movement. Production drilling and grouting involved primary and secondary holes and local addition of tertiary holes based on QC evaluations during the work, to maintain overall plant completion schedules. The degree of in-situ soil improvement was evaluated by pressuremeter testing and seismic cross-hole logging of the grouted spoil mass. Post-construction testing indicated a three- to four-fold increase in the grouted soil modulus compared to the non-grouted modulus. This paper describes the design steps and quality control measures taken that resulted in the successful mitigation of structure settlement.
Mine Spoil Modulus Improvement using Compaction Grouting on a Large Scale
A compaction grouting program was used to improve the in-situ characteristics of spoil soil and rock materials supporting coal preparation plant equipment. The site overlies an area previously strip mined to a depth of nearly 49 m (160 ft). The overburden materials above the coal seam had been randomly re-deposited, creating a heterogeneous matrix of soil and rock with the finer material at the bottom of the mine spoil profile. Prior to completion of project backfilling at the tunnels, settlement in excess of the predicted maximum occurred. Deep foundation options were considered to arrest settlement and prevent additional movement; however, due to constructability concerns, compaction grouting was selected as a more economical technology to improve the properties of the foundation soils and mitigate structure settlement. A conceptual grouting program was developed and a test section was grouted to validate the process, materials and methods. The test section established the operational parameters for production, including grout mix design, spacing, inclination and depth of grout holes, grouting pressures and limits for volume, pressure, and ground or structure movement. Production drilling and grouting involved primary and secondary holes and local addition of tertiary holes based on QC evaluations during the work, to maintain overall plant completion schedules. The degree of in-situ soil improvement was evaluated by pressuremeter testing and seismic cross-hole logging of the grouted spoil mass. Post-construction testing indicated a three- to four-fold increase in the grouted soil modulus compared to the non-grouted modulus. This paper describes the design steps and quality control measures taken that resulted in the successful mitigation of structure settlement.
Mine Spoil Modulus Improvement using Compaction Grouting on a Large Scale
Messmer, Daniel P. (author) / Voytko, Edward P. (author) / McKelvey, John A. (author) / Fjord, Maren L. (author) / Franz, Raymond J. (author)
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Grouting and Deep Mixing ; 2012 ; New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Grouting and Deep Mixing 2012 ; 1889-1900
2012-08-17
Conference paper
Electronic Resource
English
Piles , Mixing , Grouting , Highways and roads , Chemical grouting , Mining , Anchors , Cement , Compaction grouting , Foundations , Cutoffs , Hydraulic structures
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