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Synthesis of Zeolites from Bolivian Raw Materials for Catalysis and Detergency Applications
Zeolites are very useful in many technological applications such as catalysis, separation and purification of gases and solvents, ion-exchange, etc. The production of zeolites is nowadays carried out with a variety of reagents, such starting materials render large scale production of zeolites expensive. Hence alternative synthesis routes for zeolite production at a lower cost are currently under investigation. One of these routes involves the use of natural aluminosilicate raw materials which have many advantages such as their availability, low price, workability, etc. The aim of the present work was to provide routes to produce synthetic zeolites of industrial attractiveness derived from non-expensive Bolivian raw materials like clays and diatomites. In particular, the work was focused on the synthesis of intermediate- and low-silica zeolites: zeolite Y and zeolite A. The raw materials as well as intermediate materials and final zeolite products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen gas adsorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS), and UV-VIS spectroscopy.The first part of the study addressed the synthesis and characterization of intermediate silica zeolite Y from diatomite. Prior to synthesis, the diatomite was leached in sulfuric acid to remove impurities, but this step also resulted in dealumination. Therefore, aluminum sulfate was used as an extra source of aluminum. The raw materials were reacted hydrothermally at 373 K in aqueous medium with sodium hydroxide. Variations in parameters like the Na2O/SiO2 ratio and synthesis time were investigated. As a result, micro-sized crystals of zeolite Y were obtained. It was possible to achieve high zeolite yield at a Na2O/SiO2 ratio of 0.9, which produced zeolite Y with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 3.9. Also, synthesis of almost pure zeolite Y with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 5.3 in low yield at a Na2O/SiO2 ratio of 0.6 was achieved. In this respect, diatomite behaved similarly to colloidal silica in ...
Synthesis of Zeolites from Bolivian Raw Materials for Catalysis and Detergency Applications
Zeolites are very useful in many technological applications such as catalysis, separation and purification of gases and solvents, ion-exchange, etc. The production of zeolites is nowadays carried out with a variety of reagents, such starting materials render large scale production of zeolites expensive. Hence alternative synthesis routes for zeolite production at a lower cost are currently under investigation. One of these routes involves the use of natural aluminosilicate raw materials which have many advantages such as their availability, low price, workability, etc. The aim of the present work was to provide routes to produce synthetic zeolites of industrial attractiveness derived from non-expensive Bolivian raw materials like clays and diatomites. In particular, the work was focused on the synthesis of intermediate- and low-silica zeolites: zeolite Y and zeolite A. The raw materials as well as intermediate materials and final zeolite products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen gas adsorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS), and UV-VIS spectroscopy.The first part of the study addressed the synthesis and characterization of intermediate silica zeolite Y from diatomite. Prior to synthesis, the diatomite was leached in sulfuric acid to remove impurities, but this step also resulted in dealumination. Therefore, aluminum sulfate was used as an extra source of aluminum. The raw materials were reacted hydrothermally at 373 K in aqueous medium with sodium hydroxide. Variations in parameters like the Na2O/SiO2 ratio and synthesis time were investigated. As a result, micro-sized crystals of zeolite Y were obtained. It was possible to achieve high zeolite yield at a Na2O/SiO2 ratio of 0.9, which produced zeolite Y with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 3.9. Also, synthesis of almost pure zeolite Y with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 5.3 in low yield at a Na2O/SiO2 ratio of 0.6 was achieved. In this respect, diatomite behaved similarly to colloidal silica in ...
Synthesis of Zeolites from Bolivian Raw Materials for Catalysis and Detergency Applications
Garcia, Gustavo (author)
2014-01-01
Licentiate thesis / Luleå University of Technology, 1402-1757
Theses
Electronic Resource
English
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