A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
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Genetics of thyroid cancer and effects of thyroid hormone on tumor progress in vivo
Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine tumor but represents only 1% of all malignant tumors. Thyroid cancer can be classified according to the underlying altered cell type, morphology and pathology. Most of the thyroid carcinomas are differentiated (>80%) and have an excellent prognosis whereas patients with a poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (<5%) have a rather unfavorable prognosis. A small minority (<5%) of the thyroid carcinomas shows a rapid progression with poor prognosis and a median survival time of only 4 to 6 months. This so-called anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare and is characterized by a high rate of mitosis, invasive growth, refractory against radioiodine, and an extreme heterogeneity in the genetic landscape. Furthermore, no improvement in the treatment of patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma has been achieved over the last 50 years. Based on the morphology, these tumors originate from the thyrocytes of the thyroid gland and dedifferentiate to a loss of the ability to store iodine as it is the case with the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. On molecular biology level, this observation is explained by an accumulation of mutations in different genes. In order to understand the poor course and the difficult treatment of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, the genetic landscape was investigated and characterized in tumor tissue of 39 anaplastic thyroid carcinoma patients by next-generation sequencing. In 90% of the samples, at least one mutation and, in 57% at least two mutations of the tested genes were found: TP53 (18/30), NF1 (11/30), ALK (6/30), NRAS (4/30), ATRX (3/30), BRAF (2/30), HRAS (2/30), KRAS (1/30). The data confirm the genetic heterogeneity of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and show that the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma should not necessarily be treated as a single entity. It could therefore be useful to divide the patients into subgroups regarding the underlying mutation and treat them by targeted therapy. The thyroid carcinomas mentioned above ...
Genetics of thyroid cancer and effects of thyroid hormone on tumor progress in vivo
Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine tumor but represents only 1% of all malignant tumors. Thyroid cancer can be classified according to the underlying altered cell type, morphology and pathology. Most of the thyroid carcinomas are differentiated (>80%) and have an excellent prognosis whereas patients with a poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (<5%) have a rather unfavorable prognosis. A small minority (<5%) of the thyroid carcinomas shows a rapid progression with poor prognosis and a median survival time of only 4 to 6 months. This so-called anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare and is characterized by a high rate of mitosis, invasive growth, refractory against radioiodine, and an extreme heterogeneity in the genetic landscape. Furthermore, no improvement in the treatment of patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma has been achieved over the last 50 years. Based on the morphology, these tumors originate from the thyrocytes of the thyroid gland and dedifferentiate to a loss of the ability to store iodine as it is the case with the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. On molecular biology level, this observation is explained by an accumulation of mutations in different genes. In order to understand the poor course and the difficult treatment of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, the genetic landscape was investigated and characterized in tumor tissue of 39 anaplastic thyroid carcinoma patients by next-generation sequencing. In 90% of the samples, at least one mutation and, in 57% at least two mutations of the tested genes were found: TP53 (18/30), NF1 (11/30), ALK (6/30), NRAS (4/30), ATRX (3/30), BRAF (2/30), HRAS (2/30), KRAS (1/30). The data confirm the genetic heterogeneity of the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and show that the anaplastic thyroid carcinoma should not necessarily be treated as a single entity. It could therefore be useful to divide the patients into subgroups regarding the underlying mutation and treat them by targeted therapy. The thyroid carcinomas mentioned above ...
Genetics of thyroid cancer and effects of thyroid hormone on tumor progress in vivo
Latteyer, Sören (author) / Möller, Lars
2019-09-03
Theses
Electronic Resource
English
Visualisation of thyroid hormone synthesis by ion imaging
| British Library Online Contents | 2008
| British Library Online Contents | 2018