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Valorization of brines in the chlor-alkali industry. Integration of precipitation and membrane processes
Reuse of brines in the chlor-alkali industry can be benefitial both in terms of new material source for the industry and environmental impact reduction of the brines disposal. In this thesis, reuse of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination brine as well as potash mine brine is studied. Seawater Reverse Osmosis from the El Prat Desalination Plant and potash mine brine from the Llobregat brine collector pipe were used for this study. These kinds of brines were chemically characterized using different analytical methods that had to be adapted to the hiigh saliniities of the samples. According to the composition results obtained and the literature reviewed, several treatments were evaluated to reach the membrane electrolysis process requirements of the chlor-alkali industry. Potash mine brine had high sodium chloride concentration and in consequence, only purification was studied. Electrodialysis, nanofiltration and precipitation were studied for brines concentration and primary purification. Experiments in the laboratory and in pilot plants were carried out. Pilot plants were designed and operated to determine the optimal conditions to treat the brines and design a feasible system to valorize the brines in the chlor-alkali industry using membrane electrolysis cells. Electrodialysis was demonstrated a feasible technology for SWD-RO brine concentration, as it concentrated the brine and at the same time produced some useful by-products that could be further valorized. Performance obtained was highly dependent on inlet temperature ! and current densities used. The optimal ED operation point was determined when working in a continuous mode at 0.5kA/m2 were 18L/h of 244 g/L NaCl with 0.16 kWh/kg NaCl energy consumption were obtained. A first purification of polyvalent ions was reached using ED. Nanofiltration efficiently removed polyvalent ions from both brines studied. The optimal operation point was around 20 bar in both cases. In the pilot plant, pressures higher than 20bar could not be evaluated due to fixed inlet ...
Valorization of brines in the chlor-alkali industry. Integration of precipitation and membrane processes
Reuse of brines in the chlor-alkali industry can be benefitial both in terms of new material source for the industry and environmental impact reduction of the brines disposal. In this thesis, reuse of Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination brine as well as potash mine brine is studied. Seawater Reverse Osmosis from the El Prat Desalination Plant and potash mine brine from the Llobregat brine collector pipe were used for this study. These kinds of brines were chemically characterized using different analytical methods that had to be adapted to the hiigh saliniities of the samples. According to the composition results obtained and the literature reviewed, several treatments were evaluated to reach the membrane electrolysis process requirements of the chlor-alkali industry. Potash mine brine had high sodium chloride concentration and in consequence, only purification was studied. Electrodialysis, nanofiltration and precipitation were studied for brines concentration and primary purification. Experiments in the laboratory and in pilot plants were carried out. Pilot plants were designed and operated to determine the optimal conditions to treat the brines and design a feasible system to valorize the brines in the chlor-alkali industry using membrane electrolysis cells. Electrodialysis was demonstrated a feasible technology for SWD-RO brine concentration, as it concentrated the brine and at the same time produced some useful by-products that could be further valorized. Performance obtained was highly dependent on inlet temperature ! and current densities used. The optimal ED operation point was determined when working in a continuous mode at 0.5kA/m2 were 18L/h of 244 g/L NaCl with 0.16 kWh/kg NaCl energy consumption were obtained. A first purification of polyvalent ions was reached using ED. Nanofiltration efficiently removed polyvalent ions from both brines studied. The optimal operation point was around 20 bar in both cases. In the pilot plant, pressures higher than 20bar could not be evaluated due to fixed inlet ...
Valorization of brines in the chlor-alkali industry. Integration of precipitation and membrane processes
2011-12-15
TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
Theses
Electronic Resource
English
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