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Socioeconomic Impacts on Healthy Ageing in the US, England, China and Japan
Background and Aims Healthy ageing has become a popular topic worldwide. So far, a consensus definition of healthy ageing has not been reached. Socioeconomic position (SEP) is an important determinant of healthy ageing. Previous studies have indicated that people in advantaged SEPs are more likely to achieve healthy ageing than people in disadvantaged SEPs. However, only rare studies have compared the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in healthy ageing across countries. This thesis aims to conduct a cross-country comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in healthy ageing in the US, England, China and Japan. Data Sources The data are from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the Japanese Study of Ageing and Retirement (JSTAR). The analysis includes 10305 HRS respondents (waves 7–12, 2004–2014), 6590 ELSA respondents (waves 1–7, 2002–2015), 5930 CHARLS respondents (waves 1, 2 and 4, 2011–2015) and 1935 JSTAR respondents (waves 1–3, 2007–2011) aged 60 years or more at baseline. Methods A healthy ageing index (HAI) was created as the main outcome. Education, income, wealth and occupation were included as the main exposures. Data harmonisation was conducted. A two-fold fully conditional specification algorithm was employed to deal with missing data in socioeconomic indicators and covariates (Chapter 2). Pearson’s r and Cronbach’s α were calculated to check the HAI’s test-retest reliability and internal consistency respectively. A Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis and a Cox proportional hazards model were applied to test the HAI’s predictive performance on mortality risks (Chapter 3). Multilevel modelling was applied to assess the longitudinal relationships between SEPs and the HAI, allowing for random slopes and intercepts. Socioeconomic rank scores were derived and the slope indices of inequality were calculated to compare the magnitude of inequalities in healthy ageing by ...
Socioeconomic Impacts on Healthy Ageing in the US, England, China and Japan
Background and Aims Healthy ageing has become a popular topic worldwide. So far, a consensus definition of healthy ageing has not been reached. Socioeconomic position (SEP) is an important determinant of healthy ageing. Previous studies have indicated that people in advantaged SEPs are more likely to achieve healthy ageing than people in disadvantaged SEPs. However, only rare studies have compared the magnitude of socioeconomic inequalities in healthy ageing across countries. This thesis aims to conduct a cross-country comparison of socioeconomic inequalities in healthy ageing in the US, England, China and Japan. Data Sources The data are from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) and the Japanese Study of Ageing and Retirement (JSTAR). The analysis includes 10305 HRS respondents (waves 7–12, 2004–2014), 6590 ELSA respondents (waves 1–7, 2002–2015), 5930 CHARLS respondents (waves 1, 2 and 4, 2011–2015) and 1935 JSTAR respondents (waves 1–3, 2007–2011) aged 60 years or more at baseline. Methods A healthy ageing index (HAI) was created as the main outcome. Education, income, wealth and occupation were included as the main exposures. Data harmonisation was conducted. A two-fold fully conditional specification algorithm was employed to deal with missing data in socioeconomic indicators and covariates (Chapter 2). Pearson’s r and Cronbach’s α were calculated to check the HAI’s test-retest reliability and internal consistency respectively. A Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis and a Cox proportional hazards model were applied to test the HAI’s predictive performance on mortality risks (Chapter 3). Multilevel modelling was applied to assess the longitudinal relationships between SEPs and the HAI, allowing for random slopes and intercepts. Socioeconomic rank scores were derived and the slope indices of inequality were calculated to compare the magnitude of inequalities in healthy ageing by ...
Socioeconomic Impacts on Healthy Ageing in the US, England, China and Japan
Lu, Wentian (author)
2019-06-28
Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).
Theses
Electronic Resource
English
DDC:
690
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