A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Durable strategies to deploy plant resistance in agricultural landscapes
The deployment of resistant crops often leads to the emergence of resistance-breaking pathogens that suppress the yield benefit provided by the resistance. Here, we theoretically explored how farmers’ main leverages (resistant cultivar choice, resistance deployment strategy, landscape planning and cultural practices) can be best combined to achieve resistance durability while minimizing yield losses as a result of plant viruses. Assuming a gene-for-gene type of interaction, virus epidemics are modelled in a landscape composed of a mosaic of resistant and susceptible fields, subjected to seasonality, and a reservoir hosting viruses year-round. The model links the genetic and the epidemiological processes, shaping at nested scales the demogenetic dynamics of viruses. The choice of the resistance gene (characterized by the equilibrium frequency of the resistance-breaking virus at mutation-selection balance in a susceptible plant) is the most influential leverage of action. Our results showed that optimal strategies of resistance deployment range from ‘mixture’ (where susceptible and resistant cultivars coexist) to ‘pure’ strategies (with only resistant cultivar) depending on the resistance characteristics and the epidemiological context (epidemic incidence and landscape connectivity. We demonstrate and discuss gaps concerning virus epidemiology across the agro-ecological interface that must be filled to achieve sustainable disease management
Durable strategies to deploy plant resistance in agricultural landscapes
The deployment of resistant crops often leads to the emergence of resistance-breaking pathogens that suppress the yield benefit provided by the resistance. Here, we theoretically explored how farmers’ main leverages (resistant cultivar choice, resistance deployment strategy, landscape planning and cultural practices) can be best combined to achieve resistance durability while minimizing yield losses as a result of plant viruses. Assuming a gene-for-gene type of interaction, virus epidemics are modelled in a landscape composed of a mosaic of resistant and susceptible fields, subjected to seasonality, and a reservoir hosting viruses year-round. The model links the genetic and the epidemiological processes, shaping at nested scales the demogenetic dynamics of viruses. The choice of the resistance gene (characterized by the equilibrium frequency of the resistance-breaking virus at mutation-selection balance in a susceptible plant) is the most influential leverage of action. Our results showed that optimal strategies of resistance deployment range from ‘mixture’ (where susceptible and resistant cultivars coexist) to ‘pure’ strategies (with only resistant cultivar) depending on the resistance characteristics and the epidemiological context (epidemic incidence and landscape connectivity. We demonstrate and discuss gaps concerning virus epidemiology across the agro-ecological interface that must be filled to achieve sustainable disease management
Durable strategies to deploy plant resistance in agricultural landscapes
Fabre, Frédéric (author) / Rousseau, Elsa (author) / Mailleret, Ludovic (author) / Moury, Benoit (author)
2012-01-01
New Phytologist 4 (193), 1064-1075. (2012)
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
résistance aux maladies , modélisation , gène de résistance , mutation , dynamique des populations , épidémiologie végétale , résistance durable , Phytopathology and phytopharmacy , ressource génétique , virus , Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie , aménagement du territoire , pratique culturale , DEPLOYMENT STRATEGY;DURABLE RESISTANCE;EVOLUTIONARY EPIDEMIOLOGY;GENE FOR GENE MODEL;LANDSCAPE EPIDEMIOLOGY;aménagement paysager , virus phytopathogène
| Taylor & Francis Verlag | 1979
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 1996