A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation: impact on urban heat and air quality ; Soluções baseadas na natureza para adaptação às alterações climáticas: impacto no calor urbano e na qualidade do ar
Climate change (CC) is the main global threat of this century as the foreseen increased frequency, intensity, and/or duration of extreme weather events will impact natural and human systems. CC is expected to influence urban living conditions, in particular, air pollution and urban heating that cause high morbidity and mortality rates and, hence, challenging cities to adopt mitigation and adaptation measures. One of the suggested measures is Nature-based solutions (NBS). The main objective of this work was to assess the impact of NBS on urban heat and air quality for present and future climate scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of these solutions for climate change adaptation. Three European urban areas with different characteristics and challenges were chosen as case studies: Eindhoven (Netherlands), Genova (Italy) and Tampere (Finland). An extensive assessment of climate, atmospheric emissions, and air quality showed that the case study areas had meaningful air quality improvement over the last decade (except for ozone concentrations). However, cities still struggle to comply with newer and more rigorous air quality limit or guidance values. Temperature projections obtained with the WRF model, at 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution, based on the RCP4.5 scenario, indicated an overall warming, particularly in Eindhoven. Multiple NBS scenarios were tested for the case studies, using the WRF-chem chemical transport model. The results were very similar between cities and scenarios, demonstrating that NBS were more effective in reducing urban heat than improving air quality. Based on 1-year-long air quality simulations for current and future climates, a stronger impact of NBS was seen during warmer months with urban heat decreasing up to -1 ºC. The air quality impact was low, with a predisposition for nitrogen dioxide increase (P90 = 3.40 μg/m3) and a decrease in ozone concentration (P10 = -2.20 μg/m3). Despite the effects of NBS, overall, the changes promoted by CC were more impactful. This study highlights the ...
Nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation: impact on urban heat and air quality ; Soluções baseadas na natureza para adaptação às alterações climáticas: impacto no calor urbano e na qualidade do ar
Climate change (CC) is the main global threat of this century as the foreseen increased frequency, intensity, and/or duration of extreme weather events will impact natural and human systems. CC is expected to influence urban living conditions, in particular, air pollution and urban heating that cause high morbidity and mortality rates and, hence, challenging cities to adopt mitigation and adaptation measures. One of the suggested measures is Nature-based solutions (NBS). The main objective of this work was to assess the impact of NBS on urban heat and air quality for present and future climate scenarios to evaluate the effectiveness of these solutions for climate change adaptation. Three European urban areas with different characteristics and challenges were chosen as case studies: Eindhoven (Netherlands), Genova (Italy) and Tampere (Finland). An extensive assessment of climate, atmospheric emissions, and air quality showed that the case study areas had meaningful air quality improvement over the last decade (except for ozone concentrations). However, cities still struggle to comply with newer and more rigorous air quality limit or guidance values. Temperature projections obtained with the WRF model, at 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution, based on the RCP4.5 scenario, indicated an overall warming, particularly in Eindhoven. Multiple NBS scenarios were tested for the case studies, using the WRF-chem chemical transport model. The results were very similar between cities and scenarios, demonstrating that NBS were more effective in reducing urban heat than improving air quality. Based on 1-year-long air quality simulations for current and future climates, a stronger impact of NBS was seen during warmer months with urban heat decreasing up to -1 ºC. The air quality impact was low, with a predisposition for nitrogen dioxide increase (P90 = 3.40 μg/m3) and a decrease in ozone concentration (P10 = -2.20 μg/m3). Despite the effects of NBS, overall, the changes promoted by CC were more impactful. This study highlights the ...
Nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation: impact on urban heat and air quality ; Soluções baseadas na natureza para adaptação às alterações climáticas: impacto no calor urbano e na qualidade do ar
2024-01-22
Theses
Electronic Resource
English
DDC:
710
| DOAJ | 2024
8 - SOLUÇÕES BASEADAS NA NATUREZA (SBN) EM UMA CIDADE INTELIGENTE NO SUL DO BRASIL
| DOAJ | 2024
Cidades, mudanças climáticas e adaptação: um estudo de caso de Natal/RN, Brasil
| DOAJ | 2020