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Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media
Geo-energy and geo-engineering applications, such as improved oil recovery (IOR), geologic carbon storage, and enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs), involve coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that result from fluid injection and production. In some cases, reservoirs are highly fractured and the geomechanical response is controlled by fractures. Therefore, fractures should explicitly be included into numerical models to realistically simulate the THM responses of the subsurface. In this study, we perform coupled THM numerical simulations of water injection into naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) using CODE_BRIGHT and TOUGH-UDEC codes. CODE_BRIGHT is a finite element method (FEM) code that performs fully coupled THM analysis in geological media and TOUGH-UDEC sequentially solves coupled THM processes by combining a finite volume method (FVM) code that solves non-isothermal multiphase flow (TOUGH2) with a distinct element method (DEM) code that solves the mechanical problem (UDEC). First, we validate the two codes against a semi-analytical solution for water injection into a single deformable fracture considering variable permeability based on the cubic law. Then, we compare simulation results of the two codes in an idealized conceptual model that includes one horizontal fracture and in a more realistic model with multiple fractures. Each code models fractures differently. UDEC calculates fracture deformation from the fracture normal and shear stiffnesses, while CODE_BRIGHT treats fractures as equivalent porous media and uses the equivalent Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the fracture. Finally, we obtain comparable results of pressure, temperature, stress and displacement distributions and evolutions for the single horizontal fracture model. Despite some similarities, the two codes provide increasingly different results as model complexity increases. These differences highlight the challenging task of accurately modeling coupled THM processes in fractured media given their high nonlinearity. ; Ahmad Zareidarmiyan acknowledges the financial support received from the “Iran’s Ministry of Science Research and Technology” (PhD students' sabbatical grants). Victor Vilarrasa acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program through the Starting Grant GEoREST (www.georest.eu) (Grant Agreement No. 801809). Ki-Bok Min acknowledges the support by the Korea-EU Joint Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea through Grant No. NRF-2015K1A3A7A03074226 funded by the Korean Government's Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the framework of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant No. 691728) and Research Institute of Energy & Resources, Seoul National University. ; Peer reviewed
Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media
Geo-energy and geo-engineering applications, such as improved oil recovery (IOR), geologic carbon storage, and enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs), involve coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) processes that result from fluid injection and production. In some cases, reservoirs are highly fractured and the geomechanical response is controlled by fractures. Therefore, fractures should explicitly be included into numerical models to realistically simulate the THM responses of the subsurface. In this study, we perform coupled THM numerical simulations of water injection into naturally fractured reservoirs (NFRs) using CODE_BRIGHT and TOUGH-UDEC codes. CODE_BRIGHT is a finite element method (FEM) code that performs fully coupled THM analysis in geological media and TOUGH-UDEC sequentially solves coupled THM processes by combining a finite volume method (FVM) code that solves non-isothermal multiphase flow (TOUGH2) with a distinct element method (DEM) code that solves the mechanical problem (UDEC). First, we validate the two codes against a semi-analytical solution for water injection into a single deformable fracture considering variable permeability based on the cubic law. Then, we compare simulation results of the two codes in an idealized conceptual model that includes one horizontal fracture and in a more realistic model with multiple fractures. Each code models fractures differently. UDEC calculates fracture deformation from the fracture normal and shear stiffnesses, while CODE_BRIGHT treats fractures as equivalent porous media and uses the equivalent Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the fracture. Finally, we obtain comparable results of pressure, temperature, stress and displacement distributions and evolutions for the single horizontal fracture model. Despite some similarities, the two codes provide increasingly different results as model complexity increases. These differences highlight the challenging task of accurately modeling coupled THM processes in fractured media given their high nonlinearity. ; Ahmad Zareidarmiyan acknowledges the financial support received from the “Iran’s Ministry of Science Research and Technology” (PhD students' sabbatical grants). Victor Vilarrasa acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program through the Starting Grant GEoREST (www.georest.eu) (Grant Agreement No. 801809). Ki-Bok Min acknowledges the support by the Korea-EU Joint Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea through Grant No. NRF-2015K1A3A7A03074226 funded by the Korean Government's Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the framework of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (Grant No. 691728) and Research Institute of Energy & Resources, Seoul National University. ; Peer reviewed
Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media
Zareidarmiyan, Ahmad (author) / Salarirad, Hossein (author) / Vilarrasa, Víctor (author) / Kim, Kwang-Il (author) / Lee, Jaewon (author) / Min, Ki-Bok (author) / European Commission / Vilarrasa, Víctor 0000-0003-1169-4469
2020-06-03
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
DDC:
690
Comparison of numerical codes for coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical simulations of fractured media
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