A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko paprastosios eglės (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) medynų būklės analizė ; Analysis of health condition of Scots pine (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest stands in Žemaitija national park
While environment pollution and forest disappearance are constantly increasing physiological functions and biochemical – biophysical reactions of trees are gaining growing significance. Conifers are the most sensitive indicators of pollution of all the kinds of trees; they, using their morphological changes, can signalize about aberrant environmental condition. Žemaitijos National Park was established by Lithuanian Republic Highest Council in 1991 in order to conserve the landscape complexes of national importance and anthropoecosystems, representing the nature and culture distinction of Žemaitija ethnografical district. Besides, one of the main purpose of Žemaitija National Park is to save, arrange and regulate the using of these nature and culture resources. In the 7th decade it was bothered about the conserving the single objects – exposures, trees, mounds, buildings etc., some of them was provided the status of nature or culture monument. According to international methods of forestry monitoring (Manual on Methods <…>, 1994), 408 vulgar firs (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst) have been investigated. The main indices of the 1st level forestry monitoring have been assessed: Kraft rating, perimeter, the condition of treetop, the amount of dead branches, crop, the age of thorn persistence, tree form, the type of lesion, defoliation, 1/3 of defoliation and violation that can be seen visually. The age of thorn persistence, defoliation and 1/3 of defoliation have been chosen as main indices. It was established that the condition of trees in Žemaitija National Park is rather good: the majority of trees consisted of 2 Kraft rating (54,4 % of investigated firs); the average amount of dead branches of firs – 18,62±0,32 %; the age of thorn persistence in firs – 6±0,04 years (rather large age of thorn persistence shows the clean environment of Žemaitija National Park); the average of 1/3 defoliation in vulgar firs is 21,99±0,35 %; according to the defoliation of the whole tree firs belong to the group of average violated trees (defoliation of 29,45±0,4 %). The meanings of the 1st and the 2nd Kraft ratings of the defoliation of the whole tree are about 27 % and 31 %, respectively. It was found out, that 94 % of investigated tress contained healthy treetops, and the majority of fir were characterized by normal tree form (50,7 %). The analysis of defoliation dependence from the age of tree, the forest viability, the type of ecosystem, the distance to the closest pollution source (Plungė town) and Kraft ratings showed, that whole tree defoliation and 1/3 defoliation directly depends on these indexes. It was identified, that defoliation increases with increasing the age of tree. The viability of forest has not a noticeable impact on defoliation. In contrast, the type of ecosystem has a strong effect for the level of defoliation. I was noticed, that in rich ecosystems the defoliation level was lower and in the poor ecosystems – higher. Besides, the level of defoliation was decreasing along with increasing distance from the industry points.
Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko paprastosios eglės (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) medynų būklės analizė ; Analysis of health condition of Scots pine (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest stands in Žemaitija national park
While environment pollution and forest disappearance are constantly increasing physiological functions and biochemical – biophysical reactions of trees are gaining growing significance. Conifers are the most sensitive indicators of pollution of all the kinds of trees; they, using their morphological changes, can signalize about aberrant environmental condition. Žemaitijos National Park was established by Lithuanian Republic Highest Council in 1991 in order to conserve the landscape complexes of national importance and anthropoecosystems, representing the nature and culture distinction of Žemaitija ethnografical district. Besides, one of the main purpose of Žemaitija National Park is to save, arrange and regulate the using of these nature and culture resources. In the 7th decade it was bothered about the conserving the single objects – exposures, trees, mounds, buildings etc., some of them was provided the status of nature or culture monument. According to international methods of forestry monitoring (Manual on Methods <…>, 1994), 408 vulgar firs (Picea abies (L.) H.Karst) have been investigated. The main indices of the 1st level forestry monitoring have been assessed: Kraft rating, perimeter, the condition of treetop, the amount of dead branches, crop, the age of thorn persistence, tree form, the type of lesion, defoliation, 1/3 of defoliation and violation that can be seen visually. The age of thorn persistence, defoliation and 1/3 of defoliation have been chosen as main indices. It was established that the condition of trees in Žemaitija National Park is rather good: the majority of trees consisted of 2 Kraft rating (54,4 % of investigated firs); the average amount of dead branches of firs – 18,62±0,32 %; the age of thorn persistence in firs – 6±0,04 years (rather large age of thorn persistence shows the clean environment of Žemaitija National Park); the average of 1/3 defoliation in vulgar firs is 21,99±0,35 %; according to the defoliation of the whole tree firs belong to the group of average violated trees (defoliation of 29,45±0,4 %). The meanings of the 1st and the 2nd Kraft ratings of the defoliation of the whole tree are about 27 % and 31 %, respectively. It was found out, that 94 % of investigated tress contained healthy treetops, and the majority of fir were characterized by normal tree form (50,7 %). The analysis of defoliation dependence from the age of tree, the forest viability, the type of ecosystem, the distance to the closest pollution source (Plungė town) and Kraft ratings showed, that whole tree defoliation and 1/3 defoliation directly depends on these indexes. It was identified, that defoliation increases with increasing the age of tree. The viability of forest has not a noticeable impact on defoliation. In contrast, the type of ecosystem has a strong effect for the level of defoliation. I was noticed, that in rich ecosystems the defoliation level was lower and in the poor ecosystems – higher. Besides, the level of defoliation was decreasing along with increasing distance from the industry points.
Žemaitijos nacionalinio parko paprastosios eglės (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) medynų būklės analizė ; Analysis of health condition of Scots pine (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest stands in Žemaitija national park
Tarvydas, Arūnas (author) / Stravinskienė, Vida
2009-06-02
Theses
Electronic Resource
Lithuanian , English
DDC:
710
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