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Double-walled iron oxide nanotubes via selective chemical etching and Kirkendall process
Double-walled oxide nanotube structures are interesting for a wide range of applications, from photocatalysis to drug delivery. In this work, a progressive oxidation method to fabricate double-walled nanotube structures is reported in detail. The approach is based on the electrodeposition of metallic iron nanowires, in porous alumina templates, followed by a selective chemical etching, nanoscale Kirkendall effect, a fast oxidation and out-diffusion of the metallic core structure during thermal annealing. To validate the formation mechanism of such core-shell structure, chemical composition and atomic structure were assessed. The resulting hematite nanotubes have a high degree of uniformity, along several microns, and a nanoscopic double-walled structure. ; J. Azevedo would like to acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for funding (CEECIND/03937/2017). C.T. Sousa thanks FCT for financial support through the Investigador FCT program (Contract No. IF/01159/2015). M.P. Fernández-García acknowledges financial support through Spanish MINECO (research project RTI2018-094683-B-C52); Gobierno del Principado de Asturias and FICyT (through research project FC-GRUPIN-IDI/2018/000185) and University of Oviedo for R&D project 2018/00061/008 in the competitive call PAPI-18-EMERG-8. The authors are thankful to Elettra Sincrotrone for allocating beam-time and their experimental facilities. This work was partially supported by the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006939 (Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy – LEPABE and “SunStorage - Harvesting and storage of solar energy”, with reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016387, funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (OPCI), by FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology I.P. This work was financially supported by: Project PTDC/EQU-EQU/30510/2017 - POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030510 – Sunflow “Solar energy storage into redox flow batteries” funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and by national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT/MCTES. This work was also supported by the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and COMPETE 2020 (FEDER) under the projects POCI-01-0141-FEDER-032527, PTDC/FIS-MAC/31302/2017, MIT-EXPL/IRA/0012/2017, PTDC/CTM-CTM/28676/2017 and PTDC/FIS-OTI/32257/2017 and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 734801. ; Peer reviewed
Double-walled iron oxide nanotubes via selective chemical etching and Kirkendall process
Double-walled oxide nanotube structures are interesting for a wide range of applications, from photocatalysis to drug delivery. In this work, a progressive oxidation method to fabricate double-walled nanotube structures is reported in detail. The approach is based on the electrodeposition of metallic iron nanowires, in porous alumina templates, followed by a selective chemical etching, nanoscale Kirkendall effect, a fast oxidation and out-diffusion of the metallic core structure during thermal annealing. To validate the formation mechanism of such core-shell structure, chemical composition and atomic structure were assessed. The resulting hematite nanotubes have a high degree of uniformity, along several microns, and a nanoscopic double-walled structure. ; J. Azevedo would like to acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for funding (CEECIND/03937/2017). C.T. Sousa thanks FCT for financial support through the Investigador FCT program (Contract No. IF/01159/2015). M.P. Fernández-García acknowledges financial support through Spanish MINECO (research project RTI2018-094683-B-C52); Gobierno del Principado de Asturias and FICyT (through research project FC-GRUPIN-IDI/2018/000185) and University of Oviedo for R&D project 2018/00061/008 in the competitive call PAPI-18-EMERG-8. The authors are thankful to Elettra Sincrotrone for allocating beam-time and their experimental facilities. This work was partially supported by the Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006939 (Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy – LEPABE and “SunStorage - Harvesting and storage of solar energy”, with reference POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016387, funded by European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (OPCI), by FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology I.P. This work was financially supported by: Project PTDC/EQU-EQU/30510/2017 - POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030510 – Sunflow “Solar energy storage into redox flow batteries” funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) and by national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT/MCTES. This work was also supported by the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and COMPETE 2020 (FEDER) under the projects POCI-01-0141-FEDER-032527, PTDC/FIS-MAC/31302/2017, MIT-EXPL/IRA/0012/2017, PTDC/CTM-CTM/28676/2017 and PTDC/FIS-OTI/32257/2017 and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 734801. ; Peer reviewed
Double-walled iron oxide nanotubes via selective chemical etching and Kirkendall process
Azevedo, João (author) / Fernández-García, Maria Paz (author) / Magen, Cesar (author) / Mendes, Adélio (author) / Araújo, J. P. (author) / Sousa, Célia T. (author) / Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal) / Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España) / Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España) / Principado de Asturias
2019-01-01
2045-2322
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
DDC:
690
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