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Spatiotemporal characteristics of hydro-meteorological droughts and their connections to large-scale atmospheric circulations in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
Climate change exacerbates dry seasons in Southeast Asia, leading to water supply shortage. However, the link between hydro-meteorological droughts and large-scale atmospheric circulations, such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), has received very little attention. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the hydro-meteorological droughts that occurred in the Kelantan River Basin (KRB) between 1985 and 2020 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) as well as their connections to ENSO, IOD, and MJO. Sen's slope and Mann–Kendall test were employed to evaluate the trends and magnitude changes of the historical droughts, respectively. In addition, the response rate of SSI to SPI was considered to understand how precipitation affects streamflow. The results show that extremely dry events occurred in 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1997–1998, 2015–2016, and 2020. Based on the SSI results, more than 70% of extremely dry periods last 6 months or longer. Interestingly, from January to May, when there was low precipitation, SSI had a higher response rate to SPI. The ENSO, as opposed to the IOD and MJO, had a stronger impact on the dry conditions over the KRB. HIGHLIGHTS An in-depth analysis of hydro-meteorological droughts in a tropical basin.; Moderate response rate of SSI to SPI due to the high withdrawal of groundwater.; About half of the stations experienced more than 10 extremely dry events.; ENSO has a larger impact on tropical droughts than IOD and MJO.; Major drought events have occurred during the strong El Nino years.;
Spatiotemporal characteristics of hydro-meteorological droughts and their connections to large-scale atmospheric circulations in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
Climate change exacerbates dry seasons in Southeast Asia, leading to water supply shortage. However, the link between hydro-meteorological droughts and large-scale atmospheric circulations, such as the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), has received very little attention. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the hydro-meteorological droughts that occurred in the Kelantan River Basin (KRB) between 1985 and 2020 using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Streamflow Index (SSI) as well as their connections to ENSO, IOD, and MJO. Sen's slope and Mann–Kendall test were employed to evaluate the trends and magnitude changes of the historical droughts, respectively. In addition, the response rate of SSI to SPI was considered to understand how precipitation affects streamflow. The results show that extremely dry events occurred in 1986, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1997–1998, 2015–2016, and 2020. Based on the SSI results, more than 70% of extremely dry periods last 6 months or longer. Interestingly, from January to May, when there was low precipitation, SSI had a higher response rate to SPI. The ENSO, as opposed to the IOD and MJO, had a stronger impact on the dry conditions over the KRB. HIGHLIGHTS An in-depth analysis of hydro-meteorological droughts in a tropical basin.; Moderate response rate of SSI to SPI due to the high withdrawal of groundwater.; About half of the stations experienced more than 10 extremely dry events.; ENSO has a larger impact on tropical droughts than IOD and MJO.; Major drought events have occurred during the strong El Nino years.;
Spatiotemporal characteristics of hydro-meteorological droughts and their connections to large-scale atmospheric circulations in the Kelantan River Basin, Malaysia
Lily Suhana (author) / Mou Leong Tan (author) / Zibeon Luhaim (author) / Mohd Hilmi P. Ramli (author) / Noor Syuhadah Subki (author) / Fredolin Tangang (author) / Asnor Muizan Ishak (author)
2023
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
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