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How protective is China’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards on short-term PM2.5? Findings from blood pressure measurements of 1 million adults
Although short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM _2.5 ) air pollution has been shown to induce elevated blood pressure (BP), limited evidence is available regarding the association between ambient PM _2.5 and BP levels in nationwide China and how the association may change. This study sought to explore acute BP changes with exposure to PM _2.5 at levels below China’s current National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Based on a spatiotemporal study of over 1 million adults, we linked BP measurements to daily estimates of PM _2.5 from multiple sources (i.e. in situ observations, satellite measurements of aerosol and numeric simulations of air quality model) after adjusting for several individual-level covariates and further conduced the below-criteria models by restricting the analyses within subsets of individuals with short-term PM _2.5 exposure below 75 μ g m ^−3 (i.e. NAAQS of 24 h PM _2.5 in China). We further explored variations in BP-PM _2.5 associations by pollution level and for different demographic groups. With full adjustments, a 10 μ g m ^−3 increase in PM _2.5 was statistically significantly associated with a 0.049 mmHg (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.041, 0.057) increase in systolic BP, a 0.022 mmHg (95% CI: 0.017, 0.027) increase in diastolic BP and a 0.77% (95% CI: 0.62%, 0.92%) increased risk of hypertension (HPN). For both BP and HPN, the exposure-response curves were linear, with no threshold effects, at the low-concentration ends and sublinear at the high-concentration ends. Below the current NAAQS, the associations in population level remained statistically significant and were even stronger. A 10 μ g m ^−3 increase in below-NAAQS PM _2.5 was associated with a 1.95% (95% CI: 1.44%, 2.47%) increased risk of HPN. Specific subpopulations were more susceptible to PM _2.5 exposure. These findings can help support decisions by policymakers to revise related environmental regulations to protect public health.
How protective is China’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards on short-term PM2.5? Findings from blood pressure measurements of 1 million adults
Although short-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM _2.5 ) air pollution has been shown to induce elevated blood pressure (BP), limited evidence is available regarding the association between ambient PM _2.5 and BP levels in nationwide China and how the association may change. This study sought to explore acute BP changes with exposure to PM _2.5 at levels below China’s current National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Based on a spatiotemporal study of over 1 million adults, we linked BP measurements to daily estimates of PM _2.5 from multiple sources (i.e. in situ observations, satellite measurements of aerosol and numeric simulations of air quality model) after adjusting for several individual-level covariates and further conduced the below-criteria models by restricting the analyses within subsets of individuals with short-term PM _2.5 exposure below 75 μ g m ^−3 (i.e. NAAQS of 24 h PM _2.5 in China). We further explored variations in BP-PM _2.5 associations by pollution level and for different demographic groups. With full adjustments, a 10 μ g m ^−3 increase in PM _2.5 was statistically significantly associated with a 0.049 mmHg (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.041, 0.057) increase in systolic BP, a 0.022 mmHg (95% CI: 0.017, 0.027) increase in diastolic BP and a 0.77% (95% CI: 0.62%, 0.92%) increased risk of hypertension (HPN). For both BP and HPN, the exposure-response curves were linear, with no threshold effects, at the low-concentration ends and sublinear at the high-concentration ends. Below the current NAAQS, the associations in population level remained statistically significant and were even stronger. A 10 μ g m ^−3 increase in below-NAAQS PM _2.5 was associated with a 1.95% (95% CI: 1.44%, 2.47%) increased risk of HPN. Specific subpopulations were more susceptible to PM _2.5 exposure. These findings can help support decisions by policymakers to revise related environmental regulations to protect public health.
How protective is China’s National Ambient Air Quality Standards on short-term PM2.5? Findings from blood pressure measurements of 1 million adults
Tianjia Guan (author) / Tao Xue (author) / Jian Guo (author) / Xin Wang (author) / Yixuan Zheng (author) / Baohua Chao (author) / Yuting Kang (author) / Zuo Chen (author) / Linfeng Zhang (author) / Congyi Zheng (author)
2020
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
Unknown
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